FIGURE 3.

AS and intestinal epithelial barrier function. (A) Three SNPs (rs17130, rs886936 and rs8100586) that flanked exon 8 in the PTPRS gene induce alternative splicing of exon 9 and meB. Remove of the third immunoglobulin like domain of PTPσ alters the ligand binding or recognition for E‐cadherin and β‐catenin, which lead to the decomposition of adherens junction. (B) The Kindlin‐1 short isoform impairs the interactions with RhoA, and causes the epithelial detachment and defect of intestinal barrier. (C) The variant 2 of MYPT1 lacks the binding affinity to the catalytic substrate of MLCP, increase the MLCK activity and MLC phosphorylation, and subsequently triggers the PAMR contraction‐mediated switch of intestinal epithelial permeability. (D) An elevated level of the long version of GPR137 differently mediates the Wnt/β‐catenin signalling pathway, thus impairing intestinal barrier integrity and increasing the susceptibility to colitis or CAC.