. 2023 Nov 15;38(45):e375. doi: 10.3346/jkms.2023.38.e375

Table 2. Adjusted OR and 95% CI for CKD with and without MS or MS components.

Variables	Model I^a (95% CI)	Model II^b (95% CI)	Model III^b (95% CI)
Age	1.05 (1.04–1.07)^***	1.04 (1.03–1.06)^***	1.03 (1.02–1.05)^***
Sex, male vs. female	0.95 (0.70–1.30)	0.98 (0.71–1.35)	0.94 (0.67–1.31)
Metabolic syndrome, yes vs. no	2.27 (1.67–3.08)^***	2.62 (1.89–3.63)^***	-
Obesity, yes vs. no^c	1.02 (0.74–1.40)	-	0.94 (0.66–1.32)
High TG, yes vs. no^d	1.32 (0.92–1.89)	-	1.30 (0.87–1.93)
Low HDL-C, yes vs. no^e	2.22 (1.63–3.03)^***	-	1.69 (1.20–2.36)^*
High BP, yes vs. no^f	2.87 (1.99–4.14)^***	-	2.81 (1.91–4.13)^***
High FBS, yes vs. no^g	2.35 (1.58–3.49)^***	-	1.85 (1.22–2.80)^*
Anemia, yes vs. no	5.11 (3.69–7.07)^***	5.29 (3.80–7.37)^***	4.91 (3.49–6.91)^***

OR = odds ratio, CI = confidence interval, CKD = chronic kidney disease, MS = metabolic syndrome, TG = triglyceride, HDL-C = high-density lipoproteins cholesterol, BP = blood pressure, FBS = fasting blood sugar.

^aLogistic regression after adjustment for age.

^bWith adjustments for age, sex, and anemia, the adjusted OR for CKD with and without MS in Model II and the adjusted OR for CKD with and without MS components in Model III were calculated.

^cBody mass index ≥ 25 kg/m².

^dTG levels ≥150mg/dL.

^eHDL-C < 40 mg/dL in males or < 50 mg/dL in females or use of antilipidemic drug therapy.

^fBlood pressure ≥ 130/85 mmHg or use of antihypertensive drug therapy.

^gFBS ≥ 100 mg/dL or use of oral hypoglycemic agents or insulin.

^*P < 0.05, ^***P < 0.001.