Vaccarin alleviated cell necroptosis and apoptosis induced by cisplatin. (A) The flow cytometry of PI/Annexin V stained HK-2 cells. (B, C, D, E) Western blot and quantitative analysis of both necroptosis and apoptosis signals (RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, p-MLKL and cleaved-caspase3). The in vitro experiments were repeated for three times and presented as mean ± S.E.M. The in vivo results were presented as mean ± S.E.M. of 4 mice. ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01 and *p < 0.05 versus the control group. ###p < 0.001, ##p < 0.01 and #p < 0.05 versus the cisplatin-treated group.