Table 1.

The latent and observed variables used in the structural equation model

Latent variables	Observed variables	Value
SI	Age (years)	1=≥70, 2=60–69, 3=50–59, 4=40–49, 5=≤39
	Sex	1=female, 2=male
	Residence	1=rural, 2=urban
	Education level	1=primary school or below, 2=middle school, 3=high school, 4=3-year college, 5=bachelor or above
	Types of medical insurance purchased	1=none, 2=URR, 3=UE
	Annual household income (¥10 000)	1=≤3, 2=3.1–10, 3=10.1–30, 4=≥30.1
Disease progression risk	Duration of diabetes (years)	1=≤5, 2=5.1–10, 3=10.1–20, 4=≥20.1
	Treatment plan	1=no medication, 2=oral hypoglycaemic medications only, 3=insulin/GLP-1 only, 4=both oral hypoglycaemic medications and insulin/GLP-1.
	Diabetic complications	1=do not have, 2=have
Knowledge	Complications	0–4 points
	Hypoglycaemia	0–4 points
	Diet	0–3 points
	Alcohol	0–2 points
	Physical activities and foot	0–3 points
Attitude	How convenient have you been finding your treatment to be recently?	5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 ‘very inconvenience’ to 5 ‘very convenience’.
	Would you recommend this form of treatment to someone else with your kind of diabetes?	5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 ‘strongly not recommend’ to 5 ‘strongly recommend’.
	How satisfied are you with your understanding of your diabetes?	5-point Likert scale, ranging from 1 ‘very dissatisfied’ to 5 ‘very satisfied’.
Practice	How many of the last 7 days have you followed a healthful eating plan?	0–7 days
	On how many of the last 7 days did you participate in at least 30 min of physical activity?	0–7 days
	On how many of the last 7 days did you check your feet?	0–7 days
	On how many of the last 7 days did you inspect the inside of your shoes?	0–7 days

GLP-1, glucagon-like peptide-1; SI, socio-demographic information; UE, basic medical insurance for urban employees; URR, basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents.