Table 6.
Results of analyses of covariance (ANCOVAs) and Cohen d for the secondary and additional outcomes (intention-to-treat [ITT] and per-protocol [PP] analyses) at follow-upa.
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Baseline (IGb: n=523; CGc: n=522), mean (SD) | Follow-up assessment observed (PP; IG: n=170; CG: n=282), mean (SD) | Follow-up assessment estimated, mean (SD) | ANCOVA (ITT, multiple imputation) | ANCOVA (PP) | RFLBd | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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F test (df) |
P value |
Cohen d (95% CI) | F test (df) |
P value |
Cohen d (95% CI) | Lower bounde (SD) | Upper bounde (SD) | |||||||||||||||||||||
| Symptom burden (composite score) | 0.96 (99, 448.81) | .33 | 0.05 (−0.17 to 0.26) | 17.55 (1, 449) | .06 | 0.20 (0.01 to 0.39) | 0 (0.01) | 0.04 (0.00) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 0.43 (0.07) | 0.40 (0.10) | 0.42 (0.11) |
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Control | 0.43 (0.07) | 0.42 (0.09) | 0.42 (0.10) |
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| Quality of life (AQoL-8Df) | 0.71 (99, 371.03) | .40 | 0.06 (−0.15 to 0.26) | 0.00 (1, 449) | .98 | .06 (−0.13 to 0.25) | −2.73 (2.74) | 4.49 (2.60) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 88.13 (13.77) | 84.32 (17.21) | 84.12 (18.95) |
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Control | 89.19 (14.49) | 85.39 (18.66) | 85.21 (19.02) |
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| Depression (PHQ-9g) | 0.56 (99, 462.45) | .46 | 0.04 (−0.15 to 0.23) | 2.09 (1, 449) | .15 | 1.15 (−0.04 to 0.34) | −0.20 (0.65) | 1.64 (0.60) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 10.62 (3.83) | 8.95 (5.17) | 9.47 (5.85) |
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Control | 10.63 (3.59) | 9.72 (4.90) | 9.66 (7.43) |
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| Anxiety (GAD-7h) | 0.89 (99, 448,48) | .34 | 0.06 (−0.13 to 0.26) | 2.51 (1, 449) | .11 | 0.18 (−0.01 to 0.38) | 0.03 (0.50) | 1.37 (0.40) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 8.25 (3.17) | 6.99 (4.24) | 7.43 (5.04) |
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Control | 8.27 (3.31) | 7.76 (4.11) | 7.72 (4.35) |
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| Somatic symptoms (PHQ-15i) | 0.98 (99, 401.19) | .32 | 0.07 (−0.13 to 0.27) | 2.14 (1, 449) | .14 | 0.10 (−0.09 to 0.29) | −0.38 (0.59) | 1.21 (0.58) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 9.57 (3.24) | 9.01 (4.06) | 9.12 (4.51) |
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Control | 9.69 (3.25) | 9.44 (4.40) | 9.44 (4.64) |
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| Insomnia (RISj) | 1.00 (99, 431.29) | .32 | 0.07 (−0.12 to 0.26) | 0.06 (1, 449) | .80 | 0.02 (−0.01 to 0.21) | −0.93 (0.80) | 1.24 (0.80) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Intervention | 13.98 (5.52) | 13.25 (5.60) | 13.05 (6.27) |
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Control | 14.10 (5.47) | 13.39 (5.97) | 13.49 (6.36) |
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aThe F test results were pooled using the D2 statistic [65].
bIG: intervention group.
cCG: control group.
dRFLB: Random Forest Lee Bound.
eThese are lower and upper bounds of the Random Forest Lee Bound procedure.
fAqOL-8D: Assessment of Quality of Life–8 Dimensions.
gPHQ-9: Patient Health Questionnaire–9 (depression module).
hGAD-7: Generalized Anxiety Disorder–7 (anxiety module).
iPHQ-15: Patient Health Questionnaire–15 (somatic symptom module).
jRIS: Regensburg Insomnia Scale.