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. 2023 Nov 7;14:1250268. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1250268

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Copyright © 2023 Hall, Radford-Smith, Savage, Robinson, Cocchi and Moran.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparison of microbiota results between Crohn’s Disease (CD), Ulcerative Colitis (UC), and healthy control individuals (HC). Results from (A) beta (unweighted Unifrac) and (B) alpha diversity (Shannon effective species and Chao1 index) measures show significant differences between CD and UC, and CD and HC, assessed using one-way ANCOVAs. Multivariate analyses performed using MaAslin2 revealed significant differences in (C) taxonomic abundance (genus resolution) and (D) functional pathways in CD and to a lesser extent, in UC, when compared to HC. Enlarged figures for (C,D) are presented in Supplementary Figure S4. All microbiota assessments were controlled for the effects of age, sex, and BMI. * denotes p < 0.05; *** denotes p < 0.0005.