Table 4.

Major amino-acids of flaxseed proteins are aliphatic, acidic, non-essential, crystalline α-amino acids. The schematic structure prepared using © Karl Harrison 3DChem.com (accessed on 1 July 2023).

Amino Acid	Function	Structure	Composition from Flaxseed Proteins
Glutamic Acid	neurotransmitter, contributes to the synthesis of proteins, plays a role in energy production	C5H9NO4	19–27% [129,130,131]
Aspartic Acid	building block for other amino acids and nucleotides, contributes to energy production, participates in the urea cycle	C4H7NO4	8–21% [132,133,134]
Arginine	micronutrient, stimulate the immune system, increase production of nitric oxide, participate in detoxification of nitrogenous wastes	C6H14N4O2	8–12% [135,136,137]
Isoleucine	regulation of hemoglobin synthesis, detoxification of nitrogenous wastes, stimulation of immune function	C6H13NO2	4–8% [133,138,139]
Leucine	important for protein synthesis and hormone production, contributes to regulation of blood-sugar levels, growth and repair of muscle and bone	C6H13NO2	4–7% [131,132,134,136]