Table 1.
Clinical factors | Training dataset (N = 390) | Validation dataset (N = 97) | p Value |
---|---|---|---|
Age (year) | 51.8 ± 11.8 | 55.2 ± 14.5 | 0.012* |
Sex (N) | 0.062 | ||
Male | 308 | 68 | |
Female | 82 | 29 | |
Etiology (N) | 0.820 | ||
Alcohol | 163 | 26 | |
Hepatitis B/C | 144 | 47 | |
Cholestatic | 11 | 1 | |
Others | 72 | 23 | |
Child–Pugh score (point) | 8 (6, 9) | 7 (7, 9) | 0.880 |
ALT | 20.0 (14.0, 30.0) | 21.0 (15.0, 36.0) | 0.222 |
AST | 28.0 (22.0, 41.0) | 29.0 (21.5, 46.5) | 0.177 |
Direct bilirubin (μmol/L) | 8.7 (5.5, 14. 2) | 9.6 (6.0, 17.7) | 0.122 |
Indirect bilirubin (μmol/L) | 9.1 (6.4, 13.4) | 10.0 (7.1, 16.8) | 0.216 |
Serum sodium (mmol/L) | 140.0(138.0, 142.0) | 139.0 (136.0, 142.0) | 0.015* |
INR | 1.3 (1. 2, 1.5) | 1.3 (1.2, 1.4) | 0.497 |
Ammonia (μmol/L) | 0.552 | ||
< 72.0 | 349 | 85 | |
≥ 72.0 | 41 | 12 | |
Indication for TIPS (N) | 0.096 | ||
Variceal bleeding | 336 | 77 | |
Refractory ascites | 54 | 20 | |
Liver cancer | 0.961 | ||
Yes | 53 | 13 | |
No | 337 | 84 | |
Diabetes | 0.764 | ||
Yes | 83 | 22 | |
No | 307 | 75 |
Normally distributed factors are expressed using means ± standard deviations; non-normally distributed factors are expressed as medians (interquartile ranges)
ALT Alanine aminotransferase, AST Aspartate aminotransferase, INR International normalized ratio
*With a p < 0.050