TABLE 3.
Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||
Second generation | 0.303/1.354 (0.109)** | 0.218/1.243 (0.113) | 0.178/1.194 (0.113) | 0.135/1.145 (0.120) |
Age | 0.010/1.010 (0.029) | 0.015/1.016 (0.030) | 0.028/1.029 (0.029) | 0.025/1.025 (0.035) |
Female | 0.260/1.297 (0.104)* | 0.264/1.302 (0.104)* | 0.240/1.271 (0.107)* | 0.229/1.258 (0.108)* |
Ethnicity (Europe/Canada) | ||||
Mexico | 0.102/1.108 (0.150) | 0.247/1.280 (0.199) | 0.358/1.430 (0.223) | 0.638/1.893 (0.248)* |
Cuba | −0.182/0.834 (0.282) | −0.025/0.975 (0.272) | −0.143/0.876 (0.278) | 0.337/1.400 (0.245) |
Central-South America | 0.079/1.083 (0.165) | 0.202/1.224 (0.195) | 0.117/1.124 (0.215) | 0.366/1.442 (0.221) |
Puerto Rico | 0.530/1.698 (0.259)* | 0.581/1.787 (0.254)* | 0.457/1.579 (0.261) | 0.693/2.000 (0.244)** |
Chinese | 0.425/1.530 (0.326) | 0.540/1.716 (0.338) | 0.601/1.824 (0.340) | 0.683/1.979 (0.342)* |
Philippine | 0.273/1.314 (0.196) | 0.240/1.271 (0.204) | 0.262/1.299 (0.208) | 0.399/1.490 (0.247) |
Other Asia | 0.102/1.107 (0.180) | 0.153/1.165 (0.182) | 0.210/1.234 (0.184) | 0.357/1.429 (0.189) |
Africa/Afro-Caribbean | −0.232/0.793 (0.278) | −0.265/0.767 (0.282) | −0.324/0.723 (0.276) | −0.113/0.893 (0.286) |
Language spoken at home (English) | ||||
Spanish | −0.324/0.724 (0.153)* | −0.316/0.729 (0.163) | −0.244/0.784 (0.149) | |
Other language | −0.265/0.767 (0.168) | −0.229/0.795 (0.176) | −0.238/0.788 (0.177) | |
Religiosity | 0.024/1.024 (0.020) | 0.033/1.034 (0.020) | 0.034/1.034 (0.021) | |
Parents’ education (less than high school) | ||||
High school graduate | −0.013/0.987 (0.180) | −0.072/0.930 (0.178) | ||
Some college | 0.404/1.498 (0.205) | 0.378/1.460 (0.207) | ||
College graduate | −0.022/0.979 (0.184) | −0.078/0.925 (0.182) | ||
Missing | −0.305/0.737 (0.260) | −0.279/0.756 (0.253) | ||
Family structure (two biological or two adopted parents) | ||||
One stepparent + one biological parent | 0.286/1.331 (0.169) | 0.326/1.386 (0.175) | ||
Single mom | 0.397/1.487 (0.176)* | 0.456/1.578 (0.170)** | ||
Single dad | −1.020/0.361 (0.356)** | −1.005/0.366 (0.364)** | ||
Two stepparents or other types | −0.577/0.562 (0.269)* | −0.591/0.554 (0.263)* | ||
Number of siblings | −0.059/0.943 (0.038) | −0.064/0.938 (0.039) | ||
Region of school (South) | ||||
West | 0.036/1.037 (0.120) | |||
Midwest | 0.369/1.446 (0.187) | |||
Northeast | 0.068/1.070 (0.191) | |||
Public school | 0.130/1.138 (0.287) | |||
School size (small: 1–400) | ||||
Medium (400–1,001) | 0.024/1.024 (0.232) | |||
Large (1,001–4,000) | 0.005/1.005 (0.241) | |||
Percentage second generation at school | 0.018/1.018 (0.018) | |||
Percentage third generation at school | 0.001/1.001 (0.008) | |||
Percentage White students at school | 0.005/1.005 (0.003) | |||
Urban | −0.258/0.772 (0.140) | |||
Proportion of foreign born in community | 0.713/2.041 (0.840) | |||
Proportion of individuals aged ≥5 who speak English “not well” or “not at all” in community | −1.209/0.299 (1.731) | |||
Proportion of Hispanics in community | −0.622/0.537 (0.619) | |||
Intercept 1 | 1.419** (.508) | 1.430** (.537) | 1.606** (.572) | |
Intercept 2 | 2.256** (.508) | 2.270** (.535) | 2.462 (.573) | |
N | 3,925 | 3,925 | 3,925 | 3,925 |
Note. Coefficients and odds ratios with standard errors in parentheses.
p < .05.
p < .01.
p < .001.