Table 1.
Participant Demographics
| Control (n = 44) | mTBI (n = 74) | p Value | |
| Agea | 30.0 (25.4–33.4) | 32.1 (25.5–37.9) | 0.154 |
| Sexb | |||
| Female | 23 (52.3) | 31 (41.9) | 0.340 |
| Male | 21 (47.7) | 43 (58.1) | |
| Highest level of educationb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 3 | |
| Year 12/certificate | 10 (22.7) | 35 (49.3) | 0.012 |
| Bachelor's degree | 20 (45.5) | 18 (25.4) | |
| Postgraduate | 14 (31.8) | 18 (25.4) | |
| Employmentb | |||
| Missing | 1 | 1 | |
| Laborer/skilled trade | 6 (14.0) | 14 (19.2) | 0.192 |
| Transportation and hospitality | 7 (16.3) | 7 (9.6) | |
| Administrative and public safety | 2 (4.7) | 7 (9.6) | |
| Professional or individual contributor | 22 (51.2) | 27 (37.0) | |
| Management | 4 (9.3) | 4 (5.5) | |
| Upper management or CEO | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) | |
| Unemployed | 2 (4.7) | 13 (17.8) | |
| History of concussionb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 3 | |
| Yes | 11 (25.0) | 29 (40.8) | 0.108 |
| No | 33 (75.0) | 42 (59.2) | |
| No. of past concussions (if yes)a | 1 (1–3) | 2 (1–4) | 0.978 |
| History of headaches or migrainesb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 5 | |
| Yes | 11 (25.0) | 27 (39.1) | 0.154 |
| No | 33 (75.0) | 42 (60.9) | |
| History of LD/ADHDb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 5 | |
| Yes | 1 (2.3) | 8 (11.6) | 0.088 |
| No | 43 (97.7) | 61 (88.4) | |
| History of depression or anxietyb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 5 | |
| Yes | 13 (29.5) | 23 (33.3) | 0.836 |
| No | 31 (70.5) | 46 (66.7) | |
| History of sleep disorderb | |||
| Missing | 0 | 5 | |
| Yes | 2 (4.5) | 5 (7.2) | 0.704 |
| No | 42 (95.5) | 64 (92.8) |
Abbreviations: ADHD = attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; CEO = chief operating officer; IQR = interquartile range; LD = learning disorder; mTBI = mild traumatic brain injury.
a
Summarized using median (IQR).
b
Summarized using frequencies (proportions).