. 2023 Nov 14;101(20):e1992–e2004. doi: 10.1212/WNL.0000000000207881

Table 3.

AUC and 95% CI for Controls vs All Participants With mTBI (Original Analysis and Data Analyzed With k-Fold CV), Controls vs Participants With mTBI With and Without LOC or PTA, and Controls vs Female and Male Participants With mTBI

	All mTBIs	All mTBIs (CV)	mTBI without LOC/PTA	mTBI with LOC/PTA	mTBI in female participants	mTBI in male participants
	n = 73	n = 73	n = 37	n = 36	n = 30	n = 43
<6 h
GFAP	0.85 (0.78–0.93)	0.86 (0.79–0.93)	0.83 (0.73–0.93)	0.88 (0.80–0.96)	0.92 (0.83–1.00)	0.83 (0.73–0.94)
UCH-L1	0.79 (0.70–0.88)	0.78 (0.70–0.89)	0.75 (0.64–0.86)	0.83 (0.74–0.93)	0.83 (0.70–0.95)	0.76 (0.62–0.90)
Tau	0.53 (0.42–0.64)	0.34 (0.24–0.44)	0.62 (0.49–0.75)	0.55 (0.42–0.69)	0.50 (0.34–0.67)	0.53 (0.39–0.68)
NfL	0.59 (0.49–0.70)	0.61 (0.51–0.72)	0.61 (0.48–0.74)	0.58 (0.45–0.71)	0.57 (0.41–0.73)	0.62 (0.48–0.76)
IL-6	0.91 (0.86–0.96)	0.92 (0.86–0.97)	0.91 (0.84–0.97)	0.92 (0.86–0.98)	0.94 (0.87–1.00)	0.89 (0.81–0.97)
IL-1β	0.53 (0.42–0.65)	0.39 (0.27–0.50)	0.49 (0.36–0.62)	0.55 (0.42–0.68)	0.62 (0.46–0.78)	0.57 (0.41–0.73)
	n = 48	n = 48	n = 25	n = 23	n = 22	n = 26
7 d^a
GFAP	0.63 (0.52–0.75)	0.62 (0.51–0.74)	0.46 (0.30–0.61)	0.73 (0.59–0.86)	0.71 (0.55–0.88)	0.60 (0.44–0.76)
UCH-L1	0.66 (0.55–0.77)	0.68 (0.55–0.80)	0.67 (0.54–0.80)	0.65 (0.51–0.80)	0.67 (0.50–0.83)	0.65 (0.49–0.81)
Tau	0.61 (0.49–0.73)	0.62 (0.50–0.74)	0.62 (0.47–0.77)	0.60 (0.44–0.76)	0.52 (0.33–0.72)	0.67 (0.52–0.83)
NfL	0.81 (0.72–0.90)	0.82 (0.73–0.91)	0.78 (0.65–0.91)	0.84 (0.72–0.96)	0.82 (0.69–0.95)	0.80 (0.67–0.93)
IL-6	0.64 (0.52–0.75)	0.64 (0.53–0.76)	0.43 (0.29–0.56)	0.71 (0.57–0.84)	0.71 (0.55–0.87)	0.45 (0.29–0.61)
IL-1β	0.55 (0.43–0.67)	0.37 (0.25–0.49)	0.51 (0.38–0.66)	0.62 (0.48–0.76)	0.62 (0.44–0.79)	0.54 (0.37–0.71)

Abbreviations: AUC = area under the receiver operating characteristic; CV = cross-validation; GFAP = glial fibrillary acidic protein; IL = interleukin; LOC = loss of consciousness; mTBI = mild traumatic brain injury; NfL = neurofilament light chain; PTA = post-traumatic amnesia; UCH-L1 = ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase L1.

Seven days AUC values were determined using the same control results used for <6 hours.