Table 4.

Marin macroalgae as biofertilizer (powder)

Macroalgae	Algal strain	Form of algal biofertilizer	Application	Mode of action	Treated plant	References
Green algae	Ulva lactuca	Powder	Soil amendment	Accelerates growth and alleviates the effect of high salt levels	Brassica napus L	Hashem et al. (2019)
Brown algae	Cystoseira spp.	Powder	Soil amendment	Alleviates harmful effects of salinity on canola plants and stimulates the growth and productivity	Brassica napus L	Hashem et al. (2019)
Red algae	Gelidium crinale	Powder	Soil amendment	Promotes growth hormones, improving salt stress tolerance	Brassica napus L	Hashem et al. (2019)
Green algae	Halimeda microloba	Powder	Soil drench	Increases growth and yield of plants	Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench	Muniswami et al. (2021)
Brown algae	Turbinaria ornata	Powder	Soil drench	Increases number of flowers, pods, length, and weight of pods compared to foliar spray	Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench	Muniswami et al. (2021)
Brown algae	Sargassum sp.	Powder	Soil drench	Increase in length and weight of pods	Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench	Muniswami et al. (2021)