Table 1.

Primer sequences and PCR conditions used for the molecular identification and characterization of Cryptosporidium, Cystoisospora, and Giardia duodenalis.

Target species	Gene	Primer nucleotide sequences (5'-3')	Size (bp)	Cycling conditions	Ref.
Cryptosporidium	18S rRNA	F: AGTGACAAGAAATAACAATACAGG	295	2m/96°C, 40 cycles (30s/94°C, 30s/60°C, 60s/72°C), 7m/72°C	Power et al, 2011
		R: CCTGCTTTAAGCACTCTAATTTTC
Cryptosporidium felis	gp60	F1: TTTCCGTTATTGTTGCAGTTGCA	1,200	PCR1 and PCR2 : 4m/95°C, 35 cycles (30s/95°C, 30s/55°C, 90s/72°C), 7m/72°C	Koseoglu et al, 2022
		R1: ATCGGAATCCCACCATCGAAC
		F2: GGGCGTTCTGAAGGATGTAA	900
		R2: CGGTGGTCTCCTCAGTCTTC
Cystoisospora	ITS-1	F1: CCGTTGCTCCTACCGATTGAGTG		PCR1 and PCR2 : 60s/94°C, 40 cycles (10s/98°C, 15s/62°C, 60s/68°C), 5m/68°C	Shafiei et al, 2016
		R1: GCATTTCGCTGCGTCCTTCATCG
		F2: GATCATTCACACGTGGCCCTTG	450
		R2: GACGACGTCCAAATCCACAGAGC
Giardia duodenalis	18S rRNA	F1: CATCCGGTCGATCCTGCC		PCR1 : 15m/95°C, 35 cycles (30s/95°C, 30s/65°C, 60s/72°C), 7m/72°C PCR2 : 15m/95°C, 35 cycles (30s/95°C, 30s/55°C, 60s/72°C), 7m/72°C	Pallant et al, 2015
		R1: GTCGAACCCTGATTCTCCG
		F2: GACGCTCTCCCCAAGGAC	170
		R2: CTGCGTCACGCTGCTCG
	tpi	AL3543: AAATIATGCCTGCTCGTCG	605	PCR1 and PCR2 : 5m/94°C, 35 cycles (45s/94°C, 45s/50°C, 60s/72°C), 10m/72°C	Sulaiman et al, 2003
		AL3546: CAAACCTTITCCGCAAACC
		AL3544: CCCTTCATCGGIGGTAACTT	532
		AL3545: GTGGCCACCACICCCGTGCC
	gdh	Gdh1: TTCCGTRTYCAGTACAACTC	754	PCR1 and PCR2 : 60s/94°C, 40 cycles (10s/98°C, 15s/62°C, 60s/68°C), 5m/68°C	Caccio et al, 2008
		Gdh2: ACCTCGTTCTGRGTGGCGCA
		Gdh3: ATGACYGAGCTYCAGAGGCACGT	530
		Gdh4: GTGGCGCARGGCATGATGCA
	bg	G7: AAGCCCGACGACCTCACCCGCAGTGC)	753	PCR1 : 15m/95°C, 35 cycles (30s/95°C, 30s/65°C, 60s/72°C), 7m/72°C PCR2 : 15m/95°C, 35 cycles (30s/95°C, 30s/55°C, 60s/72°C), 7m/72°C	Lalle et al, 2005
		G759: GAGGCCGCCCTGGATCTTCGAGACGAC
		GiarF: GAACGAACGAGATCGAGGTCCG	511
		GiarR: CTCGACGAGCTTCGTGTT