Table 1. Patient Characteristics at Baseline.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) (n = 207) |
|---|---|
| Age, y | |
| Mean (SD) | 65.5 (7.92) |
| Median (range) | 65.0 (42.0-86.0) |
| Gender | |
| Male | 85 (41.1) |
| Female | 120 (58.0) |
| Nonbinary or genderqueer | 2 (1.0) |
| Race | |
| Black | 118 (57.0) |
| White | 79 (38.2) |
| Other, multiracial, or choose not to answera | 10 (4.8) |
| Education | |
| 12th grade or less (secondary) | 68 (32.9) |
| Graduated from high school (secondary) | 48 (23.2) |
| Some college (tertiary) | 46 (22.2) |
| Graduated from college (tertiary) | 26 (12.6) |
| Graduate school | 19 (9.2) |
| Forced expiratory volume in 1 s, % | |
| Mean (SD) | 51.5 (21.3) |
| Median (range) | 50.0 (14.0-118) |
| Data not available, No. (%)b | 8 (3.9) |
| St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire-COPD | |
| Mean (SD) | 53.6 (21.0) |
| Median (range) | 54.9 (0-97.5) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 23 (11.1) |
| Patient Health Questionnaire-9 score | |
| Mean (SD) | 7.53 (5.92) |
| Median (range) | 7.00 (0-23.0) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 2 (1.0) |
| Tobacco use (current) | |
| Every Day | 29 (14.0) |
| Some Days | 26 (12.6) |
| Not At All | 135 (65.2) |
| Prefer not to answer | 17 (8.2) |
| Systems of Belief Inventory Beliefs subscale | |
| Mean (SD) | 24.9 (7.6) |
| Median (range) | 28.0 (0-30.0) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 2 (1.0) |
| Systems of Belief Inventory Support subscale | |
| Mean (SD) | 9.79 (5.0) |
| Median (range) | 11.0 (0-15.0) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 3 (1.4) |
| Life Orientation Test-Revised | |
| Mean (SD) | 16.7 (4.8) |
| Median (range) | 17.0 (2.0-24.0) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 1 (0.5) |
| Monetary Choice Questionnaire Discount Rate (geometric mean) | |
| Mean (SD) | 0.0780 (0.10) |
| Median (range) | 0.0187 (0.000158-0.2) |
| Data missing, No. (%) | 8 (3.9) |
| Extent patient discussed emotions with physician | |
| Very great extent | 23 (11.1) |
| Great extent | 14 (6.8) |
| Some extent | 35 (16.9) |
| Little extent | 12 (5.8) |
| Very little extent | 8 (3.9) |
| No discussion | 115 (55.6) |
| Extent patient discussed physical well-being with physician | |
| Very great extent | 33 (15.9) |
| Great extent | 41 (19.8) |
| Some extent | 51 (24.6) |
| Little extent | 5 (2.4) |
| Very little extent | 8 (3.9) |
| No discussion | 69 (33.3) |
| Extent patient discussed goals for medical care with physician | |
| Very great extent | 29 (14.0) |
| Great extent | 38 (18.4) |
| Some extent | 40 (19.3) |
| Little extent | 13 (6.3) |
| Very little extent | 6 (2.9) |
| No discussion | 81 (39.1) |
| Extent patient discussed future lifespan with physician | |
| Very great extent | 10 (4.8) |
| Great extent | 9 (4.3) |
| Some extent | 11 (5.3) |
| Little extent | 4 (1.9) |
| Very little extent | 2 (1.0) |
| No discussion | 170 (82.1) |
| Missing | 1 (0.5) |
| Do not resuscitate or do not intubate order present | |
| Order | 7 (3.4) |
| No order | 200 (96.6) |
| Pulmonary rehabilitation (prior to baseline) | |
| No | 122 (58.9) |
| Yes | 85 (41.1) |
| Supplemental oxygen prescription | |
| No | 95 (45.9) |
| Yes | 112 (54.1) |
Abbreviation: COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
a
One participant self-identified as Hispanic and one as Native American; the remainder did not specify their race(s).
b
All patients had a clinical diagnosis of COPD in the electronic health record. For the purposes of this study, COPD could also be confirmed by findings of emphysematous changes on cross-sectional imaging.