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. 2023 Nov 8;10:1240426. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1240426

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Copyright © 2023 Satashia, Franco, Rivas, Isha, Hanson, Narra, Singh, Jenkins, Bhattacharyya, Guru, Chaudhary, Kiley, Shapiro, Martin, Thomas, Sareyyupoglu, Libertin and Sanghavi.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of unstructured data. Complete blood cell count (CBC) data collected from 101 COVID-19 patients over five days after hospitalization (283 temporal observations) were classified according to WHO ordinal scale. The uni-dimensional analysis of leukocyte counts (white blood cells or WBC) revealed overlapping data distributions that prevented the separation of observations according to the WHO scale [rectangle, (A)]. The analysis of different cell types, measured as relative percentages, also exhibited overlapping intervals across WHO classes [rectangle, (B)]. A three-dimensional analysis of the same data displayed overlapping intervals that prevented patient partitioning, both when all temporal observations were considered and when day-1 data were plotted (C,D).