Table 1. Demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and laboratory characteristics of the participants at the time of diagnosis (baseline).

	(n = 46)
Age at diagnosis (years)	12.72 ± 6.44 (4-37)
Females (n, %)	23 (50%)
Body weight (kg)	42.11 ± 16.58
Height (m)	1.50 ± 0.20
BMI (kg/m2)	18.96 ± 3.53
BMI z-score	-0.60(±1.45)
DKA at diagnosis (n, %)	19 (41.3%)
FPG (mg/dL)	275.5 ± 117.9
HbA1c (%)	10.67 ± 2.70
TDD (IU/kg of body weight/24h)	0.49 ± 0.27
25(OH)D (ng/mL)	32.41 ± 13.87
Fasting C peptide (ng/mL)	0.82 ± 0.53
GADA antibody (IU/mL) (n = 46)	37(80.4%)*
Islet antigen-2 antibody (IA-2A) (IU/mL) (n = 3)	2*(66.6%)*
Insulin autoantibody (<7.3% binding) (n = 14)	5*(35.7%)*
Islet cell autoantibody (ICA - nonreactive) (n = 18)	10*(55.5%)*
Zinc transporter 8 autoantibody (ZnT8A – UA/mL) (n = 2)	2*(100%)*

Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation or frequency (percentage). Abbreviations: 25(OH)D, serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels; BMI, body mass index; DKA, diabetic ketoacidosis; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; GADA antibody, glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibody; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; n, number of patients tested for the antibody; TDD, total daily insulin dose.

^*Number and % of patients tested who were positive for the antibody.