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. 2023 Nov 22;13:20495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47222-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Kiss1 deletion in cells expressing or having expressed Oprk1 reduced the number of ARC and AVPV Kiss1-expressing cells. (a) Kiss1-expressing (green) and Oprk1-expressing (magenta) cells in the ARC of representative ovariectomized (OVX) or OVX and treated with a negative feedback level of estradiol-17β (OVX + low E2) Kiss1-floxed/Oprk1-Cre rats and their counterpart Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed rats. (b) The numbers of Kiss1-expressing (green) or Kiss1- and Oprk1-coexpressing (striped) cells in the ARC of OVX or OVX + low E2 Kiss1-floxed/Oprk1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. Asterisks indicate a statistically significant main effect of the genotype (p < 0.05) based on two-way ANOVA. (c) Kiss1-expressing (green) and Oprk1-expressing (magenta) cells in the AVPV of representative OVX + low E2 Kiss1-floxed/Oprk1-Cre rats and their counterpart Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed rats. The insets indicate representative Kiss1- and Oprk1-coexpressing cells, indicated by the solid white arrowheads, or Kiss1- or Oprk1-expressing cells, indicated by the open white arrowheads. Scale bars, 100 μm. (d) The numbers of Kiss1-expressing (green) or Kiss1- and Oprk1-coexpressing (striped) cells in the AVPV of OVX + low E2 Kiss1-floxed/Oprk1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. A dagger indicates a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05) between the groups based on Student’s t-test. Values are the means ± SEM. Circles indicate the individual data of the number of Kiss1-expressing (white) or Kiss1- and Oprk1-coexpressing (magenta) cells. Numbers in (or on) each column indicate the number of animals used.