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. 2023 Nov 22;13:20495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-47222-5

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats exhibited few ARC Kiss1-expressing cells and complete suppression of LH pulses. (a) Kiss1-expressing cells in the ARC of representative OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. (b) The numbers of Kiss1-expressing cells in the ARC of OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. (c) ARC Kiss1 mRNA expression in OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. The ARC Kiss1 mRNA expression was determined by RT-qPCR. (d) Plasma LH profiles of two representative OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed control rats. Arrowheads indicate LH pulses identified with the PULSAR computer program. (e) Mean LH concentrations and the baseline, frequency, and amplitude of LH pulses in OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed rats. (f) Pituitary Gnrhr, Lhb, and Fshb mRNA expression in OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats and Cre(−)/Kiss1-floxed rats were determined by RT-qPCR. Values are the means ± SEM. Open circles indicate the individual data. Numbers in (or on) each column indicate the number of animals used. Asterisks indicate statistically significant differences (p < 0.05) between the groups based on Student’s t-test. NA, not applicable, as no LH pulses were detected in OVX Kiss1-floxed/Kiss1-Cre rats.