TABLE 2.

Research gaps in obesity-related effects on neurological diseases.

Multiple sclerosis	Alzheimer’s disease	Parkinson’s disease
What are the mechanisms through which obesity influences relapse rate and brain volume decline?	How does obesity and cholesterol accumulation in lipid rafts impact the production of Aβ peptide?	May obesity be considered a risk factor for emergence and progression in Parkinson’s disease, given the heterogeneity of results?
Must the disease-modifying therapies dosages be adjusted at the beginning of medication considering obesity-related altered pharmacokinetics?	What is the effect of obesity on the progression and severity of Alzheimer’s disease in different stages of the disease?	What are the specific mechanisms through which obesity affects dopaminergic neurons?
Which specific mechanisms does obesity have on the immune system and its potential impact on multiple sclerosis course?

This table summarizes the research gaps identified in the three neurological diseases described in this review and respective relation with obesity, providing insights for future research directions.