Table 2.

Factors that regulate KCC2.

Factor	Function	Ref
WNK/SPAK	Phosphorylates KCC2 extracellular domain and inhibit KCC2	58
Brain-type creatine kinase	Directly binds to KCC2 and Activates KCC2	59
PACSIN1	A neuronal endocytic regulatory protein that inhibits KCC2 expression	60
Gephyrin	Anchor protein to stabilize KCC2 expression	61
GABAB Receptor	Directly bind to KCC2 and inhibit its expression	62
BDNF	Down-regulates KCC2 expression by CREB phosphorylation	63
MECP2	Inhibit KCC2 expression by binding KCC2 promotor	33
FLT3	Receptor tyrosine kinase that Inhibits KCC2 expression via AKT signaling	7
GSK3β	Inhibits KCC2 expression by inactivating KCC2 promoter (activate histone deacetylase and/or IL1β-REST signaling)	64
SIRT1	Activate KCC2 expression by inhibiting REST gene expression	65
TRPV1	Activate KCC2 expression	7
Estradiol	Down-regulates KCC2 expression in male mouse	66
Oxytocin	Activates KCC2 by inhibiting GSK3β	42
miR-137	Directly down-regulates KCC2 expression	67
CLP257	KCC2 activator, increase its function by KCC2 phosphorylation	68
CLP290	KCC2 activator, pro-drug of CLP257	68
Bisphenol A	KCC2 inhibitor by inactivating KCC2 promoter (inhibit histone acetyltransferase)	69
Furosemide	KCC2 inhibitor. Also inhibit NKCC1	70
bumetanide	KCC2 inhibitor. Also inhibit NKCC1	70
Kamikihito	Activates KCC2 by upregulating oxytocin expression	15