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. 2023 Nov 23;24:707. doi: 10.1186/s12864-023-09763-x

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 1 — ROH of the eight merged genomes (autosomes) from the Faroe Islands. a, b Total $R O H = K B / 1000$ and average $R O H = K B A V G / 1000$ are the total and average length of ROH, respectively, in the PLINK --homozyg report for variable minimum segment length --homozyg-kb. This we varied from 100 to 5000kb in 100kb increments. a Boxplots of the total ROH (left axis) and of the inbreeding coefficient $F_{ROH} = K B / L$ (right axis) in which $L = 2881033.286$ kb is the autosome length. The median inbreeding $F_{R O H > 5} = 0.007$ (black dashed line) is the lowest level of recent inbreeding, which is like the average pedigree inbreeding of 0.0067 and 0.0081 estimated for multiple scelerosis patients and controls, respectively, from the Faroese population [23]. The $F_{R O H > 0.1} = 0.258$ (gray dashed line) is the highest level of both recent and ancient inbreeding, which is like $F_{R O H > 0.1}$ for the European population of the 1000GP [24]. At 1.5Mb minimum length, $F_{R O H > 1.5} = 0.029$ is like inbreeding for ancient genomes of simple and early complex agriculturalists in West and Central Eurasia, respectively [25]. This inbreeding is higher compared to $F_{R O H > 1.5} = 0.0039$ and 0.0156 for present-day genomes from West and Central Eurasia in the Human Genome Diversity panel [25]. It is also higher than $F_{R O H > 1.5}$ of 0.013 and 0.011 for the contemporary population isolates of the endogamous Dalmatians in Croatia and the endogamous Orcadians in Orkney, respectively [20]