Table 2.

Bioidentical (B) and not bioidentical (NB) progestins currently prescribed to women or withdrawn from the market (but used in the past).

(B)a and NB progestins prescribed for contraception or for hormone replacement therapy (HRT) women	Progestins prescribed to 62 pregnant women. (HHORAGES data)b	Date of withdrawal for pregnant
Medroxyprogesterone acetate: B: HRT, contraception	Chlormadinone acetate (11)	1970
Derivatives:	17-α-hydroxyprogesterone heptanoate (13)	2002
17-α-hydroxyprogesterone heptanoate, NB: HRT, contraception 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate, NB: HRT, contraception	17-α-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (32) (often used as progestin delay)	2000 Reauthorized 2011
Dydrogesterone, NB: HRT, contraception	Dydrogesterone (4)	Contraindication
Micronized progesterone, B: HRT, contraception	Micronized progesterone (4)	Contraindication
Norgestrel, levonorgestrelc, NB: HRT, contraception	Levonorgestrel (1)	Contraindication
Norethisterone, norethindrone acetate, NB: HRT, contraception	Norethisterone base (1)	Contraindication

Note that 17-α-hydroxyprogesterone, which has been associated with psychiatric disorders (n=32 individuals exposed in utero) in the HHORAGES cohort, was prohibited for pregnant women in 2000, but was reauthorized in 2011. Moreover, other progestins that were contraindicated or prohibited for pregnant women are authorized in contraception. Courtesy of Academic Press/Elsevier. Reproduced from Soyer-Gobillard et al. (2021c).

Reproduced from Soyer-Gobillard et al. (2016), courtesy by Gynecological Endocrinology.

Micronized progesterone is considered as B, derived from diosgenin in soybean (an endocrine disruptor) or inedible wild yam. From M. O. Soyer-Gobillard.

^aPattimakiel and Thacker (2011).

^bBased on doctors’ prescription data.

^cZou et al. (2017), Li et al. (2018). HHORAGES data.