Effect of PCTS culture on the original tumour characteristics: tissue slices from HCC/iCCA maintain histological features, proliferative capacityandextracellular matrixorganisation. Top 3 rows: histological evaluation using H&E staining; middle 3 rows: evaluation of tumour cell proliferative capacity using Ki67 staining; bottom 3 rows: evaluation of extracellular matrix using Sirius red staining, Scale bars: 100 μm. Labels early, mid and late refer to days 0–1, 3–4 and 6–8 of culture, respectively.