Table 1.
Circulating biomarkers of mice on CF and SAAR diets.
| Young | Aged | Males | Females | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CF | SAAR | CF | SAAR | CF | SAAR | CF | SAAR | |
| Glucose (mg/dl) | 116 ± 13 | 94 ± 14** | 112 ± 10 | 92 ± 11** | 117 ± 22 | 102 ± 13 | 62 ± 21b | 69 ± 21c |
| Insulin (ng/ml) | 1.3 ± 0.6 | 0.4 ± 0.2** | 1.4 ± 0.3 | 0.6 ± 0.3** | 1.6 ± 0.4 | 0.7 ± 0.2*** | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 0.7 ± 0.3 |
| Leptin (ng/ml) | 24.8 ± 17.5 | 4.2 ± 2.4** | 24.0 ± 7.4 | 6.1 ± 1.8* | 33.7 ± 15.6 | 3.7 ± 1.5*** | 13.3 ± 7.3b | 4.2 ± 1.8** |
| IGF-1 (ng/ml) | 331 ± 49 | 213 ± 34*** | 280 ± 48 | 194 ± 23** | 454 ± 98 | 237 ± 25*** | 285 ± 35a | 260 ± 59 |
| Adiponectin (µg/ml) | 8.8 ± 0.7 | 12.1 ± 0.7*** | 8.3 ± 0.8 | 10.3 ± 1.1**,a | 9.2 ± 0.8 | 10.1 ± 0.7 | 14.0 ± 4.3b | 14.1 ± 1.9c |
| FGF21 (ng/ml) | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 4.4 ± 1.2*** | 0.7 ± 0.2 | 2.3 ± 1.0*,a | 0.8 ± 0.5 | 2.6 ± 1.0** | 0.4 ± 0.2 | 1.8 ± 1** |
Comparison between diets in the same age and sex were analyzed using two-tailed unpaired Student’s t-test (n = 5–8 / group, *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001). Comparisons between young and aged male, as well as between middle-aged male and female mice on either diet were analyzed by 2-way ANOVA described in Methods.
aSAAR values are significantly different from young SAAR.
bCF females were significantly different from CF males.
cSAAR females were significantly different from SAAR males, P < 0.05). IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1; FGF21, fibroblast growth factor-21.