Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of the CC-SC-CII-v2 and confirmatory factor analysis of each CC-SC-CII-v2 scale in Thai stroke caregivers.
| Items | Mean ± SD | Skewness | Kurtosis | ITC | Loading |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CC-SC Maintenance scale (n = 422) | |||||
| During the last month, how often did you recommend the person you care for the following behaviors? Or, how often did you do these activities because the person you care for is not able to do them? | |||||
| CC to Health Promoting Behavior dimension | |||||
| 1. Make sure to get enough sleep. | 4.08 ± 0.88 | −0.89 | 0.51 | 0.60 | 0.68 |
| 3. Exert energy on daily activities or exercise (e.g., take a brisk walk, use the stairs, do housework, labor, gardening, sport, physical rehabilitation). | 3.85 ± 1.03 | −0.69 | −0.14 | 0.56 | 0.61 |
| 7. Mindful relaxation, being aware of stress or overthinking (e.g., meditation, yoga, music, recreational activities, doing good things, praying, religious ceremony, consulting others, accepting things as they are). | 3.90 ± 0.94 | −0.58 | −0.23 | 0.55 | 0.63 |
| CC to Illness-Related Behavior dimension | |||||
| 2. Try to avoid getting sick (e.g., get vaccinated, wash your hands, wear a mask, maintain distance from sick people, practice social distancing). | 4.21 ± 0.82 | −0.76 | −0.06 | 0.65 | 0.69 |
| 4. Eat healthy foods, disease-specific diet, or avoid certain foods (e.g., vegetables, fruits, sugar, and eating low salt and low-fat food). | 4.18 ± 0.84 | −0.99 | 0.91 | 0.68 | 0.79 |
| 5. Keep appointments for routine or regular healthcare. | 4.59 ± 0.74 | −2.09 | 4.77 | 0.56 | 0.57 |
| 6. Take prescribed medicines without missing a dose and follow time schedules (for oral, injection, inhaler, or external usage). |
4.50 ± 0.84 |
−2.08 |
4.78 |
0.65 |
0.68 |
| CC-SC Monitoring scale (n = 422) | |||||
| How often do you recommend to the person you care for to do the following things? Or, do the following things because the person you care for is not able to do them? | |||||
| 8. Monitor whether physical, emotional, or cognitive conditions are out of the ordinary. | 4.09 ± 0.83 | −0.79 | 0.57 | 0.75 | 0.81 |
| 9. Monitor for medication side-effects (all of the oral, injection, inhaler, or external used). | 4.18 ± 0.90 | −1.24 | 1.73 | 0.73 | 0.80 |
| 10. Pay attention to changes in how the person you care for feels about physical, emotional, and cognitive conditions. | 4.31 ± 0.82 | −1.27 | 1.84 | 0.72 | 0.77 |
| 11. Monitor whether the person you care for tires more than usual doing normal activities. | 4.24 ± 0.79 | −1.02 | 1.13 | 0.73 | 0.78 |
| 12. Monitor for symptoms of the person you care for. |
4.34 ± 0.76 |
−1.02 |
0.77 |
0.77 |
0.83 |
| CC-SC Management scale (n = 359) | |||||
| CC to Autonomous Behavior dimension | |||||
| 13. The last time the person you care for had symptoms. How quickly did you recognize them as symptoms related to the illness, complication as well as treatment side effects your person suffers from? | 3.18 ± 0.94 | −0.34 | 1.66 | 0.42 | 0.46 |
| When the person you care for has symptoms, how likely are you to recommend performing the following behaviors (or you perform these behaviors if the person you care for is unable to do so? | |||||
| 14. Change what the person you care for eats or drinks to make the symptom decrease or go away (e.g., reduced salt, restricted fluid). | 4.04 ± 0.92 | −0.85 | 0.48 | 0.62 | 0.71 |
| 15. Recommended the person you care for to change the activity level or do appropriate activities with condition (e.g., slow down, rest). | 3.83 ± 0.89 | −0.66 | 0.45 | 0.61 | 0.71 |
| 16. Recommend the person you care for to take medicine to make the symptom decrease or go away. | 4.01 ± 0.96 | −0.99 | 0.80 | 0.62 | 0.71 |
| 19. Think of a treatment you used the last time the person you care for had symptoms. Did the treatment you used to make the person you care for better or symptom relief? | 3.57 ± 0.79 | −0.44 | 1.34 | 0.51 | 0.58 |
| CC to Consulting Behavior dimension | |||||
| 17. Talk about the symptom to the doctor/nurse of the person you care for at the next office visit. | 4.34 ± 0.88 | −1.53 | 2.40 | 0.61 | 0.76 |
| 18. Contact the healthcare provider for guidance (e.g., call, message, emergency visit if needed). | 4.04 ± 1.09 | −1.08 | 0.54 | 0.58 | 0.71 |
Note: In the analysis, data from all the items within each scale were utilized, and factor loadings were obtained through confirmatory factor analysis for each of the three separate scales. CC-SC = Caregiver Contribution to Self-Care; ITC = corrected item to total correlation.