Table 1.

Family-based program for post-stroke patients and families.

Schedule	Family-based program
	For post-stroke patients	For families (family caregivers & family members)
Week 1	Session 1: The researcher assessed the stressors and needs of stroke patients, including physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual variables, according to the Neuman Systems Model, in order to provide nursing care following the need or problem (15 min).	Session 1: Researcher assessed the stressors and needs of families, including physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual variables, according to the Neuman Systems Model in order to provide nursing care following the need or problem (15 min).
	Session 2: Stress management and emotional support (45 min). The researcher provided information about common psychosocial disturbances in post-stroke patients, such as depression and uncertainty about the future. Advice about coping strategies was also given, such as how to do deep breathing exercises and express anxiety, and psychological support was provided.	Session 2: Family supportive therapy and counseling by psychiatric nurse consisted of 1) providing opportunities for caregivers and family members to talk about living with the patient, patient care, and express feelings of frustration or problems that arise after providing care for stroke patients at home, and 2) empowerment to continuing care (45 min).
		Session 3: Time management (30 min). The researcher gave advice to family caregivers and family members and organized a schedule for patient caretaking to reduce the caregiver burden and caregiver stress.
Week 2	Session 3: The researcher provided knowledge and practice as needed on the problem, such as speech therapy and active–passive exercises (90 min).	Session 4: The researcher provided knowledge and skills as needed on the problems experienced by participants (90 min). The education topics consisted of the following. 1) Causes, symptoms, and prevention of pressure sores, joint stiffness, and urinary tract infection. Additionally, the researcher gave wound care instructions, including equipment use. Participants then engaged in wound care practice. 2) Causes, symptoms, and prevention of aspiration pneumonia, including food preparation and feeding methods. 3) Swallowing exercises for dysphagia. 4) Active–passive exercises, including rehabilitation.
Week 3	Session 4: The researcher used empowerment to build hope in post-stroke patients (60 min).	Session 5: Social support (60 min) The researcher provided information about the importance of external resources and social support and equipment for patients with stroke, including coordinating with community leaders and health care services to provide equipment and social welfare, such as a fund to support patients with stroke and their caregivers.
Week 4	Session 5: Encourage the stroke patients to continue the program (60 min).	Session 6: Participants reviewed all topics and returned to demonstrate their knowledge and skills, as well as to ask questions regarding problems (60 min).
Week 6,10	Session 6: Telephone visits (15–20 min). The researcher assessed physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual stressors and needs in post-stroke patients and provided advice.	Session 7: Telephone visits (15–20 min). The researcher assessed physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental, and spiritual stressors and needs in family caregivers and family members and provided advice.
Week 8	Session 7: Home visit (15–30 min). The researcher assessed patients’ needs after the intervention, including having opportunities to share feelings, ask questions, express needs for support, and coordinate responsive actions.	Session 8: Home visit (15–30 min). The researcher assessed the needs of family caregivers and family members after the intervention, including having opportunities to share feelings, ask questions, express needs for support, and coordinate responsive actions.