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. 2023 Jul 12;33(12):9401–9410. doi: 10.1007/s00330-023-09897-2

Table 2.

Characteristics of 331 clinicians

Variable Category Count Percentage
Age  < 18 years 1 0.3%
18–24 years 2 0.6%
25–34 years 23 6.9%
35–44 years 60 18.1%
45–54 years 77 23.3%
55–64 years 89 26.9%
 > 65 years 79 23.9%
Gender Male 246 74.3%
Female 83 25.1%
Other 2 0.60%
Type of workplace Academic hospital 271 81.9%
Non-academic hospital 22 6.6%
Non-hospital healthcare setting 11 3.3%
Other workplace 18 5.4%
Combination of different workplaces 9 2.7%
Country of work Argentina 1 0.3%
Australia 11 3.3%
Austria 1 0.3%
Belgium 7 2.1%
Brazil 4 1.2%
Canada 23 6.9%
China 2 0.6%
Colombia 2 0.6%
Costa Rica 1 0.3%
Cyprus 1 0.3%
Denmark 1 0.3%
Finland 1 0.3%
France 11 3.3%
Germany 8 2.4%
Greece 3 0.9%
India 13 3.9%
Indonesia 1 0.3%
Iran 1 0.3%
Ireland 1 0.3%
Israel 4 1.2%
Italy 16 4.8%
Japan 2 0.6%
Kazakhstan 1 0.3%
Malaysia 3 0.9%
Mexico 2 0.6%
New Zealand 1 0.3%
Norway 4 1.2%
Palestine 2 0.6%
Peru 2 0.6%
Romania 2 0.6%
South Africa 5 1.5%
Spain 9 2.7%
Sweden 8 2.4%
Switzerland 8 2.4%
Tanzania 2 0.6%
Thailand 1 0.3%
The Netherlands 32 9.7%
Turkey 4 1.2%
Uganda 3 0.9%
UK 56 16.9%
USA 64 19.3%
Zimbabwe 1 0.3%
Multiple countries 6 1.8%
Medical specialist Yes 307 92.7%
No 24 7.3%
Medical specialty Allergy and immunologyd 1 0.3%
Anesthesiologyd 6 2.0%
Cardiologyd 15 4.9%
Cardiothoracic surgeryc 1 0.3%
Chemical pathology and metabolic medicined 1 0.3%
Clinical geneticsd 1 0.3%
Clinical pharmacologyd 1 0.3%
Dermatologyd 3 1.0%
Emergency medicined 6 2.0%
Endocrinologyd 11 3.6%
Family medicined 4 1.3%
Gastroenterologyd 8 2.6%
Geriatricsd 1 0.3%
Hematologyd 6 2.0%
Hepatologyd 1 0.3%
Infectious diseasesd 15 4.9%
Intensive care medicined 4 1.3%
Internal medicined 16 5.2%
Medical oncologyd 21 6.8%
Medical ethicsd 1 0.3%
Nephrologyd 8 2.6%
Neurologyd 14 4.6%
Neurosurgeryc 5 1.6%
Obstetrics and gynecologyc 11 3.6%
Ophthalmologyc 4 1.3%
Orthopedicsc 2 0.7%
Otorhinolaryngologyc 4 1.3%
Pathologyd 2 0.7%
Pediatricsd 12 3.9%
Physical medicine and rehabilitationd 1 0.3%
Psychiatryd 3 1.0%
Public healthd 5 1.6%
Pulmonologyd 22 7.2%
Radiation oncologyd 7 2.3%
Rheumatologyd 11 3.6%
Surgery, generalc 7 2.3%
Surgery, oncologicc 8 2.6%
Surgery, pediatricc 1 0.3%
Surgery, transplantc 1 0.3%
Surgery, vascularc 4 1.3%
Urologyc 4 1.3%
Multiple non-surgical specialties 38 12.4%
Multiple surgical specialties 8 2.6%
Non-surgical and surgical specialty 2 0.7%
Years of clinical experience as medical doctora  < 5 years 12 3.6%
5–10 years 30 9.1%
 > 10 years 288 87.3%
Current number of working days in clinical practice per weekb 0 40 12.1%
1 24 7.3%
2 48 14.5%
3 31 9.4%
4 22 6.6%
5 117 35.3%
6 25 7.6%
7 17 5.1%

aNot filled in by 1 respondent

bNot filled in by 7 respondents

cSurgical specialty

dNon-surgical specialty