Table 1.
Baseline characteristics.
| Non-seminoma | Seminoma | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Relapsed stage 1 (N = 626) | De novo (N = 2477) | Total (N = 3103) | Relapsed stage 1 (N = 298) | De novo (N = 716) | Total (N = 1014) | |
| Age at diagnosis of metastatic disease (years) | ||||||
| Median | 30.0 | 29.0 | 29.0 | 37.1 | 38.0 | 38.0 |
| Range | 15.0–70.0 | 15.0–76.0 | 15.0–76.0 | 17.1–74.7 | 16.0–77.6 | 16.0–77.6 |
| Q1-Q3 | 25.1–36.0 | 24.0–36.0 | 24.0–36.0 | 31.6–43.4 | 32.0–45.2 | 32.0–45.0 |
| Missing | 0 | 12 | 12 | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| Original IGCCCG prognostic groups | ||||||
| Good | 514 (82.1) | 1274 (51.4) | 1788 (57.6) | 287 (96.3) | 690 (96.4) | 977 (96.4) |
| Intermediate | 69 (11.0) | 693 (28.0) | 762 (24.6) | 11 (3.7) | 26 (3.6) | 37 (3.6) |
| Poor | 43 (6.9) | 510 (20.6) | 553 (17.8) | |||
| Pre-chemo AFP levels (ng/mL) | ||||||
| Median | 26.9 | 64.4 | 50.8 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.1 |
| Range | 0.0–2420000.0 | 0.0–2007390.0 | 0.0–2420000.0 | 0.0–9.7 | 0.0–16.9 | 0.0–16.9 |
| Q1-Q3 | 5.0–100.4 | 7.3–550.6 | 6.9–409.0 | 2.1–5.0 | 2.0–4.8 | 2.0–4.8 |
| Missing | 172 (27.5) | 434 (17.6) | 606 (19.6) | 137 (46.0) | 231 (32.3) | 368 (36.3) |
| Pre-chemo HCG levels (U/L) | ||||||
| Median | 18.5 | 68.0 | 49.0 | 3.0 | 2.1 | 2.6 |
| Range | 0.0–1505610.0 | 0.0–35000000.0 | 0.0–35000000.0 | 0.0–36700.0 | 0.0–276043.0 | 0.0–276043.0 |
| Q1-Q3 | 2.0–114.0 | 4.2–1556.0 | 4.0–887.0 | 1.0–19.0 | 1.0–15.8 | 1.0–16.6 |
| Missing | 190 (30.1) | 436 (17.6) | 626 (20.2) | 107 (36.0) | 190 (26.6) | 297 (29.3) |
| Pre-chemo LDH/ULN levels | ||||||
| Median | 0.9 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.2 |
| Range | 0.3–27.4 | 0.0–71.0 | 0.0–71.0 | 0.5–52.1 | 0.0–101.3 | 0.0–101.3 |
| Q1-Q3 | 0.7–1.4 | 0.8–2.4 | 0.8–2.2 | 0.8–2.1 | 0.8–2.6 | 0.8–2.4 |
| Missing | 335 (53.6) | 508 (20.6) | 843 (27.2) | 133 (44.7) | 201 (28.1) | 334 (33.0) |
| Pre-chemo AFP levels (categorised) | ||||||
| <1000 ng/mL | 419 (68.2) | 1626 (66.7) | 2045 (67.0) | 161 (55.3) | 485 (68.5) | 646 (64.7) |
| 1000–10,000 ng/mL | 24 (3.9) | 292 (12.0) | 316 (10.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| >10,000 ng/mL | 11 (1.8) | 125 (5.1) | 136 (4.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
| Missing | 172 (27.5) | 434 (17.6) | 606 (19.6) | 137 (46.0) | 231 (32.3) | 368 (36.3) |
| Pre-chemo HCG levels (categorised) | ||||||
| <5000 IU/L | 413 (67.3) | 1667 (68.4) | 2080 (68.2) | 188 (64.6) | 520 (73.4) | 708 (70.9) |
| 5000–50,000 IU/L | 13 (2.1) | 179 (7.3) | 192 (6.3) | 3 (1.0) | 5 (0.7) | 8 (0.8) |
| >50,000 IU/L | 10 (1.6) | 195 (8.0) | 205 (6.7) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (0.1) | 1 (0.1) |
| Missing | 190 (30.1) | 436 (17.6) | 626 (20.2) | 107 (36.0) | 190 (26.6) | 297 (29.3) |
| Pre-chemo LDH levels (categorised) | ||||||
| ≤1.5 UNL | 225 (38.5) | 1165 (48.8) | 1390 (46.8) | 97 (34.4) | 299 (42.5) | 396 (40.2) |
| 1.5–10 UNL | 64 (11.0) | 736 (30.8) | 800 (26.9) | 65 (23.0) | 194 (27.6) | 259 (26.3) |
| >10 UNL | 2 (0.3) | 68 (2.8) | 70 (2.4) | 3 (1.1) | 22 (3.1) | 25 (2.5) |
| Missing | 335 (53.6) | 508 (20.6) | 843 (27.2) | 133 (44.7) | 201 (28.1) | 334 (33.0) |
| Progression/relapse | ||||||
| No progression | 516 (82.4) | 1918 (77.4) | 2434 (78.4) | 259 (86.9) | 616 (86.0) | 875 (86.3) |
| Progression in the first 3 years | 82 (13.1) | 434 (17.5) | 516 (16.6) | 33 (11.1) | 75 (10.5) | 108 (10.7) |
| Progression after 3 years | 28 (4.5) | 125 (5.0) | 153 (4.9) | 6 (2.0) | 25 (3.5) | 31 (3.1) |
| Overall survival | ||||||
| Alive | 573 (91.5) | 2154 (87.0) | 2727 (87.9) | 276 (92.6) | 674 (94.1) | 950 (93.7) |
| Death in the first 3 years | 36 (5.8) | 232 (9.4) | 268 (8.6) | 13 (4.4) | 21 (2.9) | 34 (3.4) |
| Death after 3 years | 17 (2.7) | 91 (3.7) | 108 (3.5) | 9 (3.0) | 21 (2.9) | 30 (3.0) |
| Treatment period | ||||||
| <1995 | 89 (14.2) | 272 (11.0) | 361 (11.6) | 37 (12.4) | 65 (9.1) | 102 (10.1) |
| 1995–1999 | 120 (19.2) | 406 (16.4) | 526 (17.0) | 51 (17.1) | 134 (18.7) | 185 (18.2) |
| 2000–2004 | 166 (26.5) | 617 (24.9) | 783 (25.2) | 73 (24.5) | 199 (27.8) | 272 (26.8) |
| 2005–2009 | 152 (24.3) | 697 (28.1) | 849 (27.4) | 80 (26.8) | 198 (27.7) | 278 (27.4) |
| 2010–2013 | 99 (15.8) | 485 (19.6) | 584 (18.8) | 57 (19.1) | 120 (16.8) | 177 (17.5) |
AFP alpha-fetoprotein, HCG human chorionic gonadotropin, IGCCCG International Germ Cell Cancer Collaborative Group, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, ULN upper limit of normal.