Table 2. Effectiveness of COVID-19 complete primary series vaccination and booster vaccination against hospitalisation among adults (≥ 20 years) by age group and vaccine product, I-MOVE-COVID-19 and VEBIS hospital vaccine effectiveness studies, Europe, 13 December 2021–31 July 2022 (n = 5,115a).
| PSV vaccine product | Vaccinated/unvaccinated cases; Vaccinated/unvaccinated controls | VEb (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Analysis 1: VE < 150 days from receipt of last PSV dose to symptom onset in those not eligible for booster dose | ||||||
| Any PSV vaccine product (eight sitesc; n = 1,245d) | ||||||
| All 14–149 days | 67/791; 48/339 | 51 (21 to 69) | ||||
| Analysis 2: VE in those eligible for first booster dose. Vaccination ≥ 150 days before symptom onset for patients with PSV only and ≥ 150 days between last PSV and booster dose (for those with PSV + mRNA booster) | ||||||
| Complete PSV only | Complete PSV plus mRNA booster |
Complete PSV only | Complete PSV plus mRNA booster |
|||
| Any PSV product | 11 sitese; n = 2,007f | 10 sitesg; n = 3,876h | ||||
| All ≥ 20 | 430/878; 346/353 | 1,249/811; 1,467/349 | 43 (29 to 54) | 59 (51 to 66) | ||
| Age group | ||||||
| 20–59 | 103/179; 137/97 | 83/165; 161/94 | 65 (46 to 77) | 66 (47 to 78) | ||
| 60–79 | 193/382; 143/155 | 460/349; 643/154 | 38 (13 to 56) | 58 (45 to 68) | ||
| ≥ 80 | 134/317; 66/101 | 706/297; 663/101 | 29 (−7 to 53) | 58 (42 to 69) | ||
| Chronic conditioni | ||||||
| No | 146/374; 121/119 | 292/346; 279/116 | 60 (43 to 72) | 64 (48 to 75) | ||
| Yes | 284/504; 225/234 | 957/465; 1,188/233 | 32 (11 to 48) | 56 (45 to 64) | ||
| Comirnaty PSV | 10 sitesg; n = 1,670 | 10 sitesg; n = 3,401 | ||||
| All ≥ 20 | 282/802; 240/346 | 1,079/811; 1,162/349 | 49 (34 to 60) | 54 (45 to 62) | ||
| Age group | ||||||
| 20–59 | 79/165; 89/93 | 56/165; 101/94 | 58 (33 to 73) | 59 (34 to 74) | ||
| 60–79 | 104/342; 98/153 | 371/349; 461/154 | 53 (29 to 68) | 52 (36 to 64) | ||
| ≥ 80 | 99/295; 53/100 | 652/297; 600/101 | 27 (−16 to 54) | 54 (37 to 66) | ||
| Chronic conditioni | ||||||
| No | 90/341; 82/114 | 248/346; 205/116 | 64 (45 to 76) | 60 (41 to 72) | ||
| Yes | 192/461; 158/232 | 831/465; 957/233 | 34 (11 to 52) | 52 (39 to 61) | ||
| Spikevax PSV | Eight sitesc; n = 1,275 | 10 sitesg; n = 1,382 | ||||
| All ≥ 20 | 42/855; 34/344 | 92/811; 130/349 | 50 (14 to 71) | 60 (44 to 71) | ||
| Age group | ||||||
| 20–59 | 7/174; 17/91 | 12/165; 31/94 | 76 (32 to 92) | 69 (32 to 86) | ||
| 60–79 | 25/370; 12/154 | 38/349; 52/154 | 23 (−77 to 66) | 54 (21 to 73) | ||
| ≥ 80 | 10/311; 5/99 | 42/297; 47/101 | NC | 58 (26 to 76) | ||
| Chronic conditioni | ||||||
| No | 14/360; 10/116 | 17/346; 29/116 | 64 (5 to 86) | 75 (49 to 88) | ||
| Yes | 28/495; 24/228 | 75/465; 101/233 | 39 (−17 to 68) | 50 (27 to 66) | ||
| Vaxzevria PSV | Nine sitesj; n = 1,263 | Nine sitesj; n = 1,355 | ||||
| All ≥ 20 | 72/802; 43/346 | 60/802; 147/346 | 30 (−10 to 56) | 69 (54 to 79) | ||
| Age group | ||||||
| 20–59 | 5/165; 12/93 | 11/165; 23/93 | NC | 71 (25 to 89) | ||
| 60–79 | 51/342; 25/153 | 39/342; 110/153 | −5 (−95 to 44) | 68 (47 to 81) | ||
| ≥ 80 | 16/295; 6/100 | 10/295; 14/100 | 42 (-68 to 80) | 51 (−54 to 84) | ||
| Chronic conditioni | ||||||
| No | 26/341; 17/114 | 21/341; 40/114 | 58 (13 to 80) | 71 (43 to 86) | ||
| Yes | 46/461; 26/232 | 39/461; 107/232 | 15 (−52 to 53) | 69 (51 to 80) | ||
| Analysis 3: VE by time (number of days) since receipt of first mRNA booster dose (14–59, 60–119, 120–179, ≥ 180 days from receipt of booster to symptom onset) by PSV product | ||||||
| All PSV products combined (10 sitesg; n = 3,876h) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 1,249/811; 1,467/349 | 59 (51 to 66) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset (among vaccinated cases and controls) | ||||||
| 14–59 | 115/811; 212/349 | 85 (78 to 89) | ||||
| 60–119 | 304/811; 464/349 | 70 (61 to 77) | ||||
| 120–179 | 328/811; 444/349 | 36 (17 to 51) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 502/811; 347/349 | −3 (−37 to 23) | ||||
| Comirnaty PSV (10 sitesg; n = 3,401) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 1,079/811; 1,162/349 | 54 (45 to 62) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset | ||||||
| 14–59 | 89/811; 164/349 | 86 (79 to 90) | ||||
| 60–119 | 260/811; 340/349 | 66 (56 to 74) | ||||
| 120–179 | 280/811; 358/349 | 34 (13 to 50) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 450/811; 300/349 | −8 (−45 to 20) | ||||
| Spikevax PSV (10 sitesg; n = 1,382) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 92/811; 130/349 | 60 (44 to 71) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset | ||||||
| 14–59 | 10/811; 22/349 | 85 (65 to 93) | ||||
| 60–119 | 20/811; 40/349 | 79 (61 to 89) | ||||
| 120–179 | 29/811; 37/349 | 27 (−28 to 58) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 33/811; 31/349 | 27 (−29 to 59) | ||||
| Vaxzevria PSV (nine sites;j n = 1,355) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 60/802; 147/346 | 69 (54 to 79) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset | ||||||
| 14–59 | 14/802; 20/346 | 75 (45 to 89) | ||||
| 60–119 | 18/802; 77/346 | 78 (60 to 88) | ||||
| 120–179 | 16/802; 36/346 | 43 (−11 to 71) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 12/802; 14/346 | 27 (−74 to 70) | ||||
| Analysis 4: VE by time (number of days) since receipt of mRNA booster dose (14–59, 60–119, 120–179, ≥ 180 days from receipt of booster dose to symptom onset) for all PSV products combined, by age group (20–59, 60–79, ≥ 80 years) | ||||||
| Aged 20–59 years (10 sitesg; n = 503) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 83/165; 161/94 | 66 (47 to 78) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset (among vaccinated cases and controls) | ||||||
| 14–59 | 23/165; 47/94 | 81 (62 to 91) | ||||
| 60–119 | 27/165; 69/94 | 59 (25 to 78) | ||||
| 120–179 | 17/165; 30/94 | 38 (−33 to 71) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 16/165; 15/94 | −35 (−257 to 49) | ||||
| Aged 60–79 years (10 sitesg; n = 1,606) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 460/349; 643/154 | 58 (45 to 68) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset (among vaccinated cases and controls) | ||||||
| 14–59 | 56/349; 105/154 | 85 (75 to 91) | ||||
| 60–119 | 113/349; 209/154 | 70 (55 to 80) | ||||
| 120–179 | 135/349; 200/154 | 28 (−7 to 52) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 156/349; 129/154 | 2 (−59 to 40) | ||||
| Aged ≥ 80 years (10 sitesg; n = 1,767) | ||||||
| All ≥ 14 days from first mRNA booster dose | 706/297; 663/101 | 58 (42 to 69) | ||||
| Days from first mRNA booster dose to onset (among vaccinated cases and controls) | ||||||
| 14–59 | 36/297; 60/101 | 86 (73 to 93) | ||||
| 60–119 | 164/297; 186/101 | 76 (63 to 85) | ||||
| 120–179 | 176/297; 214/101 | 38 (5 to 59) | ||||
| ≥ 180 | 330/297; 203/101 | −4 (−59 to 32) | ||||
CI: confidence interval; ICU: intensive care unit; I-MOVE: Influenza – Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe; PSTG: primary series target group; PSV: primary series vaccination; VE: vaccine effectiveness; VEBIS: Vaccine Effectiveness, Burden and Impact Studies.
a n = 5,115 after dropping 26 with a second booster (sample size too small to analyse second booster).
b Odds ratio adjusted by country, time (restricted cubic spline of swab date or swab month as categorical variable, depending on model), age (restricted cubic spline or age as linear variable, depending on model), sex, presence/absence of chronic condition (asthma, diabetes, heart disease, lung disease).
c Eight sites: Belgium, Croatia, France, Ireland, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.
d n = 1,245 after dropping 2,987 records of patients who received a first mRNA booster dose, 776 with last primary series vaccination dose ≥ 150 days from onset and 107 from three sites with fewer than five controls or fewer than 20 SARI patients.
e Eleven sites: Belgium, Croatia, France, Ireland, Lithuania, Malta, Navarra, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania and Spain.
f n = 2,007 after dropping 2,987 records of patients who received a first mRNA booster dose, and 266 with last primary series vaccination dose < 150 days from onset.
g Ten sites: Belgium, Croatia, France, Ireland, Lithuania, Malta, Navarra, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.
h n = 3,876 after dropping 897 records from patients who had received primary series vaccination only (no booster), 262 who had received their booster dose < 150 days before symptom onset, and 76 from one site with fewer than five controls.
I In analyses stratified by chronic condition, the adjustment for presence/absence of chronic condition was removed.
j Nine sites: Belgium, Croatia, France, Ireland, Lithuania, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal and Spain.