Table 1.

Comparison of demographic, biochemical and laboratory data between survivors and non-survivors at both early and late time-points.

		Survivors (n = 96)		Non-survivors (n = 92)
Early time-point (n = 188)	n	Number (%) or median (IQR)	n	Number (%) or median (IQR)	p value
Age	96	35 (28–42)	92	40 (30–48)	0.06
Sex (female)	96	73 (75%)	92	72 (78%)	0.64
Listed for transplant	96	15 (16%)	92	23 (25%)	0.15
Median time to death (days)	NA	NA	92	6 (3–9)
Biochemistry
Bilirubin (mg/dl)	95	4.1 (2.5–5.8)	92	5.1 (3.5–7.9)	<0.0001*
ALT (IU/L)	95	3,373 (1,830–6,576)	92	3,277 (1,476–5,871)	0.40
Creatinine (mg/dl)	95	1.4 (0.8–3.1)	91	2.6 (1.1–3.8)	0.002*
INR	96	2.7 (1.9–4.0)	88	3.4 (2.3–4.9)	0.003*
pH	86	7.4 (7.4–7.5)	80	7.4 (7.3–7.5)	0.23
Lactate (mmol/L)	70	2.8 (1.7–5.4)	62	6.9 (4.2–11.1)	<0.0001*
Organ support
Vasopressor use	96	8 (9%)	92	39 (42%)	<0.0001*
Ventilator use	96	56 (58%)	92	73 (79%)	0.003*
RRT use	96	18 (19%)	92	24 (26%)	0.29
High-grade HE	96	55 (57%)	90	64 (71%)	0.07
Late time-point (n = 184)		Survivors (n = 97)		Non-survivors (n = 87)
Biochemistry
Bilirubin (mg/dl)	90	5.6 (3.1–8.3)	78	9.9 (6.7–13.8)	<0.0001*
ALT (IU/L)	92	1,142 (611–1991)	78	961 (376–2008)	0.38
Creatinine (mg/dl)	92	1.2 (0.7–2.6)	82	2.4 (1.3–4.0)	<0.0001*
INR	82	1.5 (1.3–1.8)	74	2.3 (1.8–4.3)	<0.0001*
pH	55	7.4 (7.4–7.5)	74	7.4 (7.3–7.5)	0.07
Lactate (mmol/L)	31	1.7 (1.0–2.2)	40	3.7 (2.5–6.7)	<0.0001*
Organ support
Vasopressor use	97	5 (5%)	87	44 (51%)	<0.0001*
Ventilator use	97	49 (51%)	87	74 (85%)	<0.0001*
RRT use	97	19 (20%)	87	27 (31%)	0.09
High-grade HE	59	35 (59%)	82	72 (88%)	0.0001*

Non-normally continuous data were analysed using Mann-Whitney U tests and presented as median (IQR). Categorical data were analysed using Fisher’s exact tests and presented as number (%). Statistical significance set as per Benjamini-Hochberg procedure with a false discovery rate of 0.05 (*p <0.026). ALT, alanine aminotransferase; HE, hepatic encephalopathy; INR, international normalised ratio; RRT, renal replacement therapy.