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. 2023 Nov 17;13(22):3558. doi: 10.3390/ani13223558

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Analysis of the percentage of time spent by virtual-fence-collared nursing Brangus cows within the containment (amber bars) and restricted (vermilion bars) zones across the two different Periods under varying VF-Status (virtual fence deactivated (VF-Off) vs. virtual fence activated (VF-On)). The figure also includes an overall comparison of VF-Status (VF-Off vs. VF-On) as the main effect (represented by the two bars on the right, VF-Status). Significance testing indicates that all pairwise comparisons of VF-Status (VF-Off vs. VF-On) were statistically significant for the percentage of time allocation within either the containment or restricted zones.