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. 2023 Nov 15;13(22):3523. doi: 10.3390/ani13223523

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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PCoA principal coordinate analysis. (A) PCoA analysis chart of calves before weaning. (B) PCoA analysis chart of calves after weaning. The horizontal and vertical coordinates represent the two selected principal coordinate components, and the percentage represents the contribution of the principal coordinate components to the differences in sample composition. The closer the R-value is to 1, the greater the between-group difference is than the within-group difference, and the smaller the R-value is, the less significant the between- and within-group differences are.