Table 2.

miRNA with assigned function in MSCs

miRNA	Effect in MSC	MSC source	Target(s)	Ref.
let-7	Inhibits adipogenesis and migration of cell lines	h-BM	IL6	[18]
miR-10a	Promotes differentiation and inhibits senescence	h-BM	KLF4	[19]
miR-10b	Promotes cell migrationa	m-BM	n.d.	[20]
miR-16	Promotes G1 arrest and myogenesisa	h-BM	n.d.	[21]
	Inhibits proliferation and angiogenic potential	h-decidua MSC	CCNE1	[22]
miR-17	Promotes osteogenesis	h-PO	SMURF1	[16]
miR-20a	Promotes osteogenesis	h-BM	PPARγ, BAMBI, CRIM1	[17]
miR-21	Promotes survival in hypoxia/serum starvation	r-BM	n.d.	[23]
	Promotes osteogenesis and adipogenesis	h-AT	SPRY2	[24]
	Promotes osteogenesis	h-BM	SPRY1/2	[25]
	Promotes adipogenesis	h-AT	TGFBR2	[26]
	Inhibits proliferation	h-AT	STAT3	[27]
miR-23a	Promotes survival in hypoxia/serum starvation	r-BM	n.d.	[23]
	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	RUNX2, SATB2	[28]
miR-23b	Promotes chondrogenesisa	h-BM	PRKACB	[29]
miR-24	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	SATB2	[28]
	Promotes adipogenesis	m-cell line	n.d.	[30]
miR-26a	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-AT	SMAD1	[31]
miR-27a	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM, m-cell line	SATB2	[28, 32]
	Inhibits adipogenesisa	m-cell line	PPARγ	[33]
miR-27b	Inhibits adipogenesis	h-AT, m-cell line	PPARγ, CEBPα	[34, 35]
	Promotes immune regulation	r-AT	SDF-1α	[36]
	Inhibits cell migrationa	m-BM	SDF-1α	[37]
miR-29a	Promotes osteogenesis	h-BM	DKK1, KREMEN2, SFRP2	[38]
miR-30	Promotes adipogenesis	h-AT	RUNX2	[13]
	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-BM	SMAD1	[39]
miR-31	Inhibits adipogenesis	m-cell line	CEBP/A	[30]
	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM	OSTERIX, n.d.	[40, 41]
miR-32	Reverses high glucose- cell cycle arresta	r-BM	n.d.	[42]
miR-100	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-AT	BMPR2	[43]
miR-107	Protects against anoxia	r-BM	PDCD10	[44]
miR-124	Inhibits cardiomyogenesis	r-BM	STAT3	[45]
	Inhibits proliferationa	h-BM	n.d.	[46]
miR-125b	Inhibits osteogenesis and proliferation	m-BM	n.d.	[47]
	Promotes survival	h-BM	P53	[48]
miR-126	Promotes angiogenesisa	m-BM	n.d.	[49]
	Promotes endothelial differentiationa	m-BM	n.d.	[50]
miR-130a	Induces substance P productionb	h-BM	TAC1	[51]
miR-133	Inhibits osteogenesisa	m-cell line	RUNX2	[52]
	Promotes proliferation	r-BM	n.d.	[53]
miR-135	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	SMAD5	[52]
miR-138	Inhibits adipogenesisa	h-AT	EID1	[54]
	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM	FAK	[55]
miR-140	Promotes chondrogenesis	h-BM, m-BM, m-cell line	ADAMTS-5, HDAC4	[56–58]
miR-141	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	DLX5	[59]
miR-142-3p	Promotes osteogenesis	h-cell line	APC	[60]
miR-143	Promotes adipogenesis	preadipocyte	n.d.	[61]
	Promotes proliferation	r-BM	ERK5	[62]
miR-145	Inhibits chondrogenesis	m-BM	SOX9	[63, 64]
miR-146a-5p	Inhibits immune regulation	m-BM	PTGES2	[65]
	Promotes TNF-α-mediated IL-8	h-BM	n.d.	[66]
	Promotes survival against anoxia	r-BM	FAS	[67]
	Inhibits migration and promotes proliferation	h-BM and h-UC	SDF-1α,	[14]
miR-148b	Promotes osteogenesis	h-BM	n.d.	[32]
miR-155	Inhibits adipogenesisa	h-cell line	n.d.	[68]
	Inhibits immune regulation	m-BM	TAB2	[69]
miR-181	Inhibits immune suppression	h-BM	TGFBR1, TGFBRAP1	[70]
miR-182	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	FOXO1	[71]
miR-193	Promotes proliferation	r-BM	ING5	[53]
miR-194	Inhibits chondrogenesis	h-AT	SOX5	[72]
miR-196a	Promotes osteogenesis and inhibits proliferation	h-AT	HOXC8	[73]
miR-199a*	Inhibits chondrogenesis	m-cell line	SMAD1	[74]
miR-200a	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	DLX5	[59]
miR-204/211	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM	RUNX2	[75]
miR-206	Induces substance P productionb	h-BM	TAC1	[51]
	Inhibits osteogenesis	m-cell line	CX43	[76]
	Promote myogenesis	m-cell line	CX43	[125]
miR-210	Promotes osteogenesis	m-cell line	ACVR1B	[77]
	Promotes survival in hypoxia/serum starvation	r-BM	CASP8AP2	[23, 44]
	Promotes proliferation	h-AT	PTPN2	[78]
miR-221/222	Inhibits adipogenesisa	h-cell line	n.d.	[68]
miR-302	Induces substance P productionb	h-BM	TAC1	[51]
miR-335	Inhibits proliferation, migration and differentiation	h-BM	RUNX2	[79]
miR-369-5p	Inhibits adipogenesis and proliferation	h-BM	FABP4	[80]
miR-371	Promotes adipogenesis and inhibits proliferation	h-BM	n.d.	[80]
miR-449a	Inhibits chondrogenesisa	h-BM	LEF-1	[81]
miR-489	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM	n.d.	[32]
miR-499	Inhibits proliferation	h-BM	n.d.	[80]
miR-503	Promotes survival in hypoxia/serum starvation	r-BM	n.d.	[23]
miR-541	Inhibits osteogenesis	h-BM	n.d.	[82]
miR-574-3p	Inhibits chondrogenesis	h-BM	RXRα	[83]
miR-705	Inhibits osteogenesis and promote adipogenesis	m-BM	HOXA10	[84]
miR-886-3p	Inhibits migration	h-BM	SDF-1α	[85]
miR-2861	Promotes osteogenesis	m-BM	HDAC5	[79]
miR-3077-5p	Inhibits osteogenesis and promote adipogenesis	m-BM	RUNX2	[84]

^aEffect was only confirmed by over-expression of the miRNA, not by silencing the endogenous miRNA.

^bIn MSC-derived neuronal cells.

Abbreviations: AT, adipose tissue-derived; BM, bone marrow-derived; h, human; miRNAs, microRNAs; MSCs, mesenchymal stromal cells; m, mouse; n.d., not determined; PO, periodontal ligament; r, rat; UC, umbilical cord.