Table 4.

Case for action.

CATEGORIES	INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARE SEEN AS A PRIORITY BY THE GOVERNMENT	VACCINE SELF-RELIANCE AS AN ESSENTIAL ENABLER OF HEALTH AND ECONOMIC SECURITY	VACCINES AND BIOTECHNOLOGY ARE STRATEGIC PRIORITIES FOR COUNTRY OR REGIONAL ECONOMIC GROWTH
Relevant comments	Government stakeholders must be convinced that the burden of an infectious disease makes preventing it a high priority. Decision makers must have access to data and projections to understand the full impact and value of prevention. This requires a strong evidence-based business case and health economic modeling to support MIC government decision making.	Throughout the pandemic, MICs were reliant on MNCs, NGOs, and HICs for COVID-19 vaccines and had to either wait their turn or fend for themselves to receive supply. MICs want the ability to develop novel vaccines for future pandemics/endemics, and to produce several vaccines on their EPI/NIP. This is motivating MICs to make investments and deepen partnerships to improve their end-to-end vaccine value chain capabilities.	Some MIC governments view science, biotechnology, and vaccines as strategic enablers of economic growth. These MICs want to diversify their economic output beyond their historical base and shift toward a more knowledge-based economy.