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Number of macrophages (A) and neutrophils (B), and concentrations of protein (C) tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα, D), interleukin-1β (IL-1β, E), and glutathione (GSH, F) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) after a one-month exposure period to air (control) or waterpipe smoke (WPS). Data are means ± SEM (n=8).
