Table 2.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the study cohort stratified by median ETP levels.
| All (n = 239) |
ETP < Median (n = 120) |
ETP > Median (n = 119) |
p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RASi | 189 (79) | 92 (77) | 97 (82) | |
| RASi + SGLT2i | 50 (21) | 28 (23) | 22 (19) | |
| Age (years) | 66 ± 8 | 65 ± 7 | 67 ± 10 | 0.13 |
| Female sex | 120 (50) | 65 (54) | 55 (46) | 0.27 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 31 ± 5 | 30 ± 4 | 31 ± 5 | 0.11 |
| Current or former smoker | 109 (46) | 54 (45) | 55 (46) | 0.70 |
| Systolic BP (mmHg) | 137 ± 16 | 138 ± 18 | 136 ± 13 | 0.23 |
| Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 78 ± 10 | 78 ± 10 | 78 ± 9 | 0.83 |
| Plasma ETP (ng/mL) | 12.2 ± 5.0 | 8.7 ± 1.7 | 15.8 ± 4.6 | <0.001 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 66 (52–78) | 74 (63–81) | 59 (45–72) | <0.001 |
| UACR (mg/g) | 11 (4.7–30) | 8 (4.4–23) | 15 (5.3–39) | 0.03 |
| Diabetes duration (years) | 14 ± 8 | 13 ± 8 | 14 ± 8 | 0.32 |
| HbA1c (%) | 7.3 ± 1.2 | 7.3 ± 1.3 | 7.2 ± 1.1 | 0.43 |
| C-reactive protein (mg/dL) | 0.3 (0.1–0.5) | 0.3 (0.1–0.5) | 0.2 (0.1–0.5) | 0.45 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 13.6 ± 1.4 | 13.9 ± 1.4 | 13.4 ± 1.5 | 0.01 |
| LDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 100 ± 38 | 102 ± 41 | 97 ± 36 | 0.30 |
| HDL cholesterol (mg/dL) | 50 ± 15 | 52 ± 15 | 48 ± 15 | 0.08 |
| Serum triglycerides (mg/dL) | 142 (100–204) | 142 (98–195) | 151 (104–213) | 0.41 |
| Serum albumin (g/dL) | 4.5 (4.2–4.8) | 4.5 (4.2–4.8) | 4.5 (4.2–4.8) | 0.45 |
| Serum potassium (mmol/L) | 4.4 (4.1–4.7) | 4.3 (4.1–4.6) | 4.5 (4.1–4.7) | 0.14 |
Data are n (%), mean ± SD, or median (IQR). ETP: endotrophin; RASi: renin–angiotensin system inhibitor; SGLT2i: sodium–glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor; BP: blood pressure; UACR: urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.