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. 2023 Oct 26;13(11):1580. doi: 10.3390/biom13111580

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© 2023 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Immediate effects of low-intensity vestibular noise on locomotor performance. Comparison of pre- (open symbols) and post-stimulation (filled symbols) performance with nGVS (N = 8; right column) vs. sham stimulation (N = 9; left column) on intervention days 6 (circles), 21 (triangles), and 45 (squares) on spatiotemporal gait parameters (A–F). nGVS alters locomotion in terms of a narrower base of support (B) and reduced variability (i.e., CV) of stride length (D) and stride time (F). nGVS effects on locomotion are restricted to hindlimb gait performance and only present during intervention day 6. Abbreviations: nGVS: noisy galvanic vestibular stimulation; CV: coefficient of variation; * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01.