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. 2023 Nov 2;12(11):1396. doi: 10.3390/biology12111396

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Cytokine signaling in atopic dermatitis. Atopic dermatitis lesions are characterized by elevated levels of IL-4 and IL-13, which can signal through their receptors, IL-4Rα and IL-13Rα1, respectively, to activate Janus kinase-2 (JAK2) and tyrosine kinase-2 (TYK2). These kinases phosphorylate and activate members of the signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) family of transcription factors, STAT1, STAT3 and STAT6. The decoy receptor, IL-13Rα2, can bind IL-13 and prevent it from binding to IL-13Rα1, thus inhibiting signaling through the JAK–STAT pathway.