Table 3.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants. In addition to ABPM, age, gender, and BMI, previous diseases and lifestyle factors are listed. Shown in each case is the median (Q1–Q3) or the percentage. p > 0.05, * p ≤ 0.05, ** p < 0.01, and *** p < 0.001 compared to control, ° p ≤ 0.05, °° p < 0.01, and °°° p < 0.01 compared to HypWell.
| Control (n = 8) |
HypWell (n = 36) |
HypPoor (n = 28) |
HypAll (n = 64) |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Systole [mmHg] | 126 (122–132) |
129 (121–132) |
154 (146–163) ***, °°° |
137 (128–153) * |
| Diastole [mmHg] | 83 (76–94) |
74 (67–77) ** |
78 (74–92) °° |
75 (70–81) * |
| Age [y] | 56.0 (47.5–63.5) | 69.5 (62.0–76.0) * | 65.0 (59.0–73.0) | 66.5 (60.5–73.5) * |
| Male sex | 75% | 44.4% | 64.3% | 53.1% |
| BMI [kg/m2] | 27.8 (25.2–28.9) | 29.0 (26.4–33.1) | 30.4 (28.0–34.0) | 29.6 (26.8–33.8) p = 0.07 |
| Smokers | 0% | 8.3% | 15.4% | 11.9% |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0% | 33.3% p = 0.08 | 46.4% * | 39.1% * |
| eGFR < 60 | 0% | 27.8% | 32.1% | 29.7% |
| Chronic inflammatory disease a | 0% | 8.3% | 14.3% | 10.9% |
| Malignancy | 0% | 16.6% | 0% ° | 9.3% |
BMI = body mass index, eGFR = estimated glomerular filtration rate. a e.g., chronic viral hepatitis and rheumatoid diseases.