Table 2.

Multivariable logistic regressions’ results, stratified by gender.

Country/Region of Birth	Current Smoking §	Current Alcohol Consumption §	Drunkenness §	Binge Drinking §	Cannabis §	Multiple Substance Use ^	At-Risk or Problem Gambling ^
BOYS
Italy (native-born)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Western Countries	1.03 (0.69–1.54)	1.11 (0.76–1.61)	1.16 (0.79–1.71)	1.11 (0.78–1.57)	0.73 (0.44–1.21)	1.44 (1.05–1.96)	0.86 (0.53–1.42)
Eastern European Countries	0.95 (0.53–1.70)	0.86 (0.52–1.42)	1.58 (1.06–2.37)	1.15 (0.72–1.82)	1.12 (0.65–1.94)	1.14 (0.78–1.67)	1.83 (1.04–3.22)
Non-Western/Non-European Countries	1.01 (0.69–1.49)	0.69 (0.45–1.06)	0.50 (0.29–0.84)	0.75 (0.51–1.11)	1.03 (0.63–1.66)	0.95 (0.68–1.34)	2.10 (1.29–3.42)
GIRLS
Italy (native-born)	1	1	1	1	1	1	1
Western Countries	0.90 (0.62–1.30)	1.04 (0.67–1.60)	1.32 (0.83–2.09)	1.40 (0.89–2.18)	1.16 (0.68–1.97)	0.96 (0.66–1.40)	1.03 (0.38–2.83)
Eastern European Countries	1.15 (0.77–1.70)	0.50 (0.29–0.85)	1.01 (0.61–1.66)	1.54 (1.00–2.37)	0.85 (0.50–1.45)	1.05 (0.75–1.49)	2.07 (0.93–4.64)
Non-Western/Non-European Countries	0.72 (0.50–1.03)	0.55 (0.33–0.91)	1.19 (0.78–1.81)	1.26 (0.83–1.90)	1.14 (0.59–2.20)	0.49 (0.35–0.70)	0.48 (0.17–1.30)

§ Adjusted for other substance use, peer substance use, and family, friends’, teachers’, and classmates’ support. ^ Adjusted for other substance use, and family, friends, teachers, and classmates’ support. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals are reported for each risk behavior considered (columns), entered one at a time as the model’s dependent variable, and for each area of origin (rows) setting Italy as the reference category. Significant odds ratios are presented in bold.