Table 1.
Demographic and clinical features of patients and controls.
| Carpal Tunnel Syndrome | Healthy Controls |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dropping Objects | No Dropping Objects | |||||
| All | Small | Large | Large/Small | |||
| Age | 56.1 ± 12.4 | 57.1 ± 10.4 | 56.8 ± 13.6 | 57.5 ± 14.4 | 57.6 ± 12.5 | 53.1 ± 12.6 |
| Male/Female | 27/93 | 6/22 | 4/25 | 5/12 | 12/34 | 15/35 |
| BCTQ | ||||||
| Total score | 45.4 ± 13.9 * | 49.8 ± 15.8 * | 50.5 ± 11 * | 50.5 ±11.0 * | 36.5 ± 10.2 | |
| SSS | 32.5 ± 8.4 * | 31.4 ± 9.9 * | 33.2 ± 7.1 ** | 33.1 ± 8.5 * | 23.9 ± 7.2 | |
| Pain at night | 2.7 ± 1.4 * | 2.9 ± 1.4 ** | 3.2 ± 1.1 * | 2.9 ± 1.6 ** | 2.1 ± 1.3 | |
| Night wake-up by pain | 2.4 ± 1.5 * | 2.4 ± 1.4 * | 3.3 ± 1.4 ** | 2.9 ± 1.6 ** | 1.7 ±1.2 | |
| Daytime pain | 2.4 ± 1.2 * | 2.3 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 1.1 ** | 2.7 ± 1.3 * | 2 ± 1 | |
| Daytime pain frequency | 2.3 ± 1.4 * | 2.8 ± 1.5 ** | 3.2 ± 1.2 * | 3 ± 1.4 ** | 2.2 ± 1.3 | |
| Daytime pain duration | 2.3 ± 1.3 * | 2.5 ± 1.4 ** | 2.8 ± 1.3 ** | 2.5 ± 1.3 ** | 1.8 ± 1.1 | |
| Numbness | 2.8 ± 1.3 * | 3.2 ± 1.1 ** | 3 ± 1.2 ** | 3 ± 1.2 ** | 2.3 ± 1.3 | |
| Weakness | 2.3 ± 1.1 * | 2.8 ± 1.1 * | 2.6 ± 0.5 * | 2.7 ± 1 * | 1.5 ± 0.8 | |
| Tingling | 3.3 ± 1.1 | 3.2 ± 1.2 | 3.6 ± 0.9 | 3.3 ± 0.8 | 3.1 ± 1.1 | |
| Numbness severity | 3.3 ± 1.2 * | 3.3 ± 1.2 | 3.7 ± 1.2 ** | 3.9 ± 0.9 ** | 2.9 ± 1.2 | |
| Night wake-up by numbness | 2.9 ± 1.4 | 3.2 ± 1.4 | 3.0 ± 1.4 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | 2.4 ± 1.4 | |
| Grasping small objects | 2.2 ±1.3 * | 2.8 ± 1.3 * | 2.1 ± 1.1 | 2.6 ± 1.4 ** | 1.7 ± 1.1 | |
| FSS | 18.4 ± 6.9 * | 18.4 ± 8 ** | 17.3 ± 6.3 ** | 20.5 ± 5.7 ** | 12.6 ± 5.1 | |
| Writing | 1.8 ± 1.1 ** | 2.0 ± 1.2 ** | 1.9 ± 0.9 ** | 2.2 ± 1.1 ** | 1.5 ± 1.0 | |
| Buttoning clothes | 1.9 ± 1.2 * | 2.2 ± 1.1 * | 2.2 ± 1.1 ** | 2.5 ± 1.1 * | 1.5 ± 1.0 | |
| Holding books | 1.6 ± 1 * | 1.9 ± 1.1 * | 1.8 ± 1.2 ** | 1.9 ± 0.8 ** | 1.2 ± 0.7 | |
| Gripping phone | 1.6 ± 0.9 * | 1.9 ± 1.0 ** | 1.7 ± 1.0 ** | 2.1 ± 1.0 * | 1.3 ± 0.6 | |
| Opening jars | 2.9 ± 1.4 * | 3.0 ± 1.4 ** | 3.3 ± 1.5 * | 3.7 ± 1.3 * | 2.2 ± 1.2 | |
| Household chores | 2.1 ± 1.1 * | 2.5 ± 1.2 * | 2.2 ± 1.0 ** | 2.7 ± 1.1 * | 1.5 ± 0.9 | |
| Carrying grocery bags | 2.7 ± 1.5 ** | 3.0 ± 1.5 ** | 2.7 ± 1.3 | 3.4 ± 1.2 ** | 2.3 ± 1.4 | |
| Bathing and dressing | 1.5 ± 0.8 * | 1.8 ± 1.1 * | 1.5 ± 0.9 ** | 2.0 ± 0.9 * | 1.1 ± 0.4 | |
| DN4 | 5.9 ± 1.8 * | 5.9 ± 1.6 * | 5.5 ± 1.9 * | 6.6 ± 1.9 * | 3.2 ± 1.9 | |
| NRS | 6.3 ± 2.4 ** | 5.5 ± 2.7 | 6.7 ± 2.2 ** | 7 ± 2.1 ** | 4.4 ± 3 | |
| 9HPT (s) | ||||||
| Right | 13.8 ± 2.6 δ | 14.7 ± 1.2 *§ | 14.7 ± 3.4 § | 12.4 ± 1.7 | 12.9 ±1.6 § | 12.2 ± 0.9 |
| Left | 14.9 ± 2.9 § | 14.5 2 ± 1.5 | 15.9 ± 3.5 § | 13 ± 0.99 | 14.7 ± 2.5 | 13.1 ± 1.9 |
| m9HPT (s) | ||||||
| Right | 170.2 ± 70.8 *δ | 192.8 ± 84.9 *δ | 188.2 ± 72 § | 174.5 ± 64.9 § | 144.7 ± 49.7 § | 126.2 ± 38.0 |
| Left | 169.5 ± 62.4 *δ | 177.3 ± 54.1 *δ | 199.6 ± 88.1 § | 190.7 ± 62.9 *δ | 147.8 ± 49.3 § | 129.1 ± 39.1 |
| MRC score APB | ||||||
| Right | 4.5 ± 0.7 § | 4.5 ± 0.7 § | 4.5 ± 0.7 § | 4.1 ± 0.7 *δ | 4.6 ± 0.6 | 5 |
| Left | 4.3 ± 0.9 § | 4.2 ± 1.1 § | 4.4 ± 0.8 § | 4.0 ± 1.2 *§ | 4.6 ± 0.6 | 5 |
APB: abductor pollicis brevis; BCTQ: Boston Carpal Tunnel Questionnaire; DN4: Douleur Neuropathique 4 questions; FSS: functional status scale; 9HPT: 9-hole peg test; m9HPT: modified 9-hole peg test: MRC: Medical Research Council Scale; NRS: numerical rating scale; s: seconds; SSS: symptom severity scale; * p < 0.0001 vs. patients not complaining of dropping objects; ** p < 0.05 vs. patients not complaining of dropping objects; δ p < 0.0001 vs. healthy controls; § p < 0.05 vs. healthy controls.