Table 2.

Details of clinical presentations of IgE-mediated fruit allergy.

Clinical Patterns	Area of Involvement	Onset	Clinical Characteristics
Local reaction
Oral allergy syndrome (OAS)	Localized to oral area	Within a few minutes (2–15 min) after exposure via direct contact	-Initial sensitization to pollen allergens can lead to IgE-mediated cross-reactivity with plant-food allergies. -Manifestations such as swelling, pruritus, or numbness are often confined to the oral region, specifically the lips, tongue, or palate upon direct exposure to fruit allergens. -OAS can present as an isolated phenomenon or as preceding symptoms of systemic allergic reactions.
Systemic reaction
Non-anaphylactic systemic reaction	Systemic manifestations	Within 2–3 h	-The reaction can affect any organ system. However, it is predominantly cutaneous, manifesting as urticaria and/or angioedema following plant food consumption away from the direct contact site. This reaction does not meet the criteria for anaphylaxis.
Anaphylaxis	Systemic manifestations	Within 2–3 h	-A severe, life-threatening reaction can affect multiple organ systems or result in profound impairment of a single organ system.
Food-dependent exercise-induced anaphylaxis (rare)	Manifestations of symptoms associated with exercise or other cofactors	Within 4–6 h	-Anaphylaxis can be triggered when specific foods are consumed in conjunction with physical exertion or other cofactors (such as alcohol or certain drugs), typically manifesting within 4 to 6 h. -Consuming these specific foods does not trigger symptoms without physical exertion or cofactors.