Table 2.

Evidence for treatment strategies for intermediate- and high-risk PCa groups and supportive information on focal therapy for low-risk PCa. b-PFS: biochemical progression-free survival, GU: genitourinary, GI: gastrointestinal, N/A: not applicable, G: grade, BT: brachytherapy, EBRT: external beam radiation therapy, and ADT: androgen deprivation therapy.

Risk of Pca	Randomised Trial, Year, (Ref #)	Suggested Treatment Options	Comparison	b-PFS	GU/GI Toxicities
low	No randomised trial Supported with several prospective studies, [46,49]	Focal therapy	N/A	96.8% (5-years) [46]	GU G1: 37.5% GU G2: 29.2% GU G3: 0 % [49]
intermediate	RTOG 0232 study, 2023 [10]	BT alone	BT with EBRT vs. BT alone	88.0% vs. 85.5% (5-years)	G2: 42.8% vs. 25.8% (5-years) G3: 8.2% vs. 3.8% (5-years)
high	ASCENDE-RT Trial, 2017 [26,35]	BT boost with pelvic irradiation of 45 Gy under 12 months ADT (Tri-modality therapy)	Tri-modality therapy vs. dose escalated EBRT boost with pelvic irradiation of 45Gy under 12 month ADT	83.0% vs. 62.0% (9-years) (log-rank p < 0.001)	GU G3: 18.4% vs. 5.2% (5-years) GI G3: 8.1% vs. 3.2% (5-years)