Table 5.

Advantages and disadvantages of autologous versus allogeneic MSCs. The pros and cons of autologous and allogeneic MSCs transplantation were summarised in the prospect of cell availability, quantity, and quality.

	Allogeneic	Autologous
Availability	Immediate “off-the-shelf” availability	Need to be taken, isolated, and cultured
Quality	Control of donor age (may be selectively derived from young) Cells from healthy donors	No control of donor age Potential disease impairment of MSCs
Cell quality in accordance with good manufacturing practice	Screening for chromosomal aberrations, viral contamination, sterility, identity, purity, and cell potency	Usually, no screening for cell potency due to lack of time and material
Quantity	Standardising the quantity of cells	Difficulties to grow in culture and yield low cell numbers
Immune response on MSCs transplantation	Can be recognised by immune response and rejected	Are not recognised by immunocompetent cells because of the usage of their own cells with the same antigens