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. 2023 Nov 14;24(22):16307. doi: 10.3390/ijms242216307

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Kahweol’s effect on cell motility in MDA-MB 231 cells. MDA-MB 231 cells were pretreated with rCTGF (400 ng/mL) and kahweol (50 µM) at one-hour intervals for 24 h. (A) mRNA level of CTGF was determined by qRT-PCR analysis. (B) Western blot analysis of CTGF in rCTGF and kahweol-treated MDA-MAB 231 cells. (C) For the selective migration assay, a transwell assay was performed. siRNA-transfected cells were treated with kahweol and seeded on the inner chamber for 48 h. After fixing, cells were visualized by crystal violet staining. Unmigrated cells were scraped off, and the migrated cells were counted under a light microscope. (D) Cells were scratched with a micropipette tip to form a cell-free (wounded) area and were pretreated with rCTGF and kahweol at one-hour intervals and then stimulated. Wound areas are visualized using a phase-contrast microscope. The distance migrated was determined as the average of the distances of each cell from the wound boundary. Results are representative of three independent experiments. Data are expressed as means ± SD. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.005.