Table 2.

Biomarkers used for Multiple Sclerosis.

References	Biomarker(s)	Description/Function	Sample Origin
[47,48,49]	MRI	Used to elucidate the dimensions, quantity, chronology, and evolution of lesions in the CNS	Central Nervous System (CNS)
[50]	MIP-1a	Cytokine biomarker indicative of T cell activity	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
[50]	CXCL10	Cytokine biomarker indicative of T cell activity	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
[50]	CXCL13	Chemokine targeting B lymphocytes	Not Specified
[51,52,53,54,55]	IgG Oligoclonal Bands (OCBs)	Indicator of adaptive immunity activation in the CNS	Cerebrospinal Fluid (CSF)
[56,57,58,59]	sNfL (serum neurofilament light chain)	Potential prognostic and treatment response biomarker	Blood Serum