Table 1.
Composition of human body fluids, normal saline, and balanced crystalloids *.
| Plasma | Interstitial Fluids |
Normal Saline |
Lactated Ringer’s Solution |
Plasma-Lyte A | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 136–145 | 136–145 | 154 | 130 | 140 |
| Chloride (mmol/L) | 102–110 | 108–118 | 154 | 109 | 98 |
| Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.5–5.7 | 3.5–5.0 | 0 | 4.0 | 5.0 |
| Calcium (mmol/L) | 1.0–2.5 | 1.2–2.8 | 0 | 2.7 | 0 |
| Magnesium (mmol/L) | 0.5–1.2 | 0.5–1.3 | 0 | 0 | 1.5 |
| Bicarbonate (mmol/L) | 24–25 | 22–28 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Lactate (mmol/L) | <1.0 | <1.2 | 0 | 28 | 0 |
| Acetate (mmol/L) | Negligible | NA ** | 0 | 0 | 27 |
| Gluconate (mmol/L) | Negligible | NA | 0 | 0 | 23 |
| pH | 7.38–7.42 | 7.35–7.45 | 5.0–5.5 | 6.5–6.6 | 7.4 |
| Osmolarity (mOsmol/L) | NA | NA | 308 | 273 | 294 |
| Osmolality (mOsmol/kg) | 280–296 | 280–296 | 286 | 254 | 271 |