Table 3.

Strategies and interventions.

Domain	Strategies	Interventions
Mastery experiences	Therapeutic alliance	A thorough interview on admission.
		Develop a trusting and motivating relationship.
		Feelings of mutuality and respect in the alliance.
		Face-to-face counseling sessions.
	Health literacy	Educate patients in rehabilitation exercise, complications, disease, and the benefits of exercise.
		Provide information leaflets/booklets.
		Cueing with posters describing the exercises.
	Set achievable goals	Identify patients’ abilities and needs.
		Confer with patients to develop functional exercise goals at different stages of rehabilitation.
		Physical activity diary.
		Calendar of daily exercise activities.
	Personalize the rehabilitation program	Develop an individually tailored exercise program.
		Tailor the instruction and program to make the task understandable.
	Manage unpleasant sensations	Identifying the challenges of postoperative rehabilitation through discussion.
		Use prescribed medications or heat/ice treatment to relieve or decrease pain.
Vicarious experience	Sharing cases	Share previous success stories to build confidence and motivate patients.
	Problem-solving method	Identify obstacles to participating in the rehabilitation program.
		Use the problem-solving method to address perceived obstacles to participation in rehabilitation programs.
Verbal persuasion	Persuasion	Describe the benefits of physical activities.
		Behavioral contract.
		Regular contact with patients via phone.
	Encouragement and compliments	Assert that participants can self-manage.
		Provide positive verbal feedback on their efforts.
		Give verbal encouragement and compliments.
		Motivation interviewing.
		Reinforce participants’ past and present successes or accomplishments.
		Family involvement.
		Digital activity coaching system.
Physiological and affective states	Avoid negative emotional stimulation	Assess patients’ expressions of anxiety and depression.
	Help to seek support	Telephone-assisted counseling.
		Identify individual barriers and resources for performing the exercise plan.
		Provide strategies for dealing with the identified barriers and coping in the future.