Table 4.
Differences between genotype-positive and genotype-negative HCM patients (statistically significant variables only).
| G+ Group n = 78 |
G− Group n = 115 |
p-Value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at enrollment, years (median [IQR]) | 45 [35–56] | 61 [50–68] | <0.0001 |
| Age at diagnosis, years (median [IQR]) | 38 [25–47] | 57 [47–66] | <0.0001 |
|
36 [25–46]/ 41 [28–51] |
50 [41–66]/ 60 [53–67] |
0.33 for G+ group 0.016 for G− group |
| Diagnosed over 60 years, n (%) | 9 (12) | 43 (37) | <0.0001 |
| Family history of HCM in probands, n (%) | 44 (56) | 17 (15) | <0.0001 |
| Reason for diagnosis of HCM | |||
|
32 (41) | 24 (21) | 0.002 |
|
34 (44) | 85 (74) | <0.0001 |
|
12 (15) | 6 (5) | 0.017 |
| Asymptomatic at enrollment, n (%) | 26 (33) | 14 (12) | <0.0001 |
| 5-year SCD risk score, % | 3.1 [2.0–4.5] | 2.5 [1.7–3.6] | 0.050 |
| 5-year SCD risk score > 6%, n (%) | 13 (19) | 9 (9) | 0.040 |
| NYHA class III/IV, n (%) | 10 (13) | 33 (29) | 0.009 |
| Atrial fibrillation, n (%) | 14 (18) | 38 (33) | 0.020 |
| Arterial hypertension, n (%) | 27 (35) | 94 (82) | <0.0001 |
| Obesity, n (%) | 17 (22) | 43 (37) | 0.022 |
| Documented CAD, n (%) | 2 (3) | 17 (15) | 0.005 |
| Contrast CMR, n (%) | 35 (45) | 35 (30) | 0.031 |
| LGE, n (%) | 33 (83) | 21 (51) | 0.003 |
| Beta-blockers, n (%) | 41 (53) | 81 (71) | 0.009 |
| Non-compaction myocardium, n (%) | 9 (12) | 2 (1.7) | 0.008 |
| LVOTO ≥ 30 mmHg at rest, n (%) | 18 (23) | 43 (37) | 0.036 |
| LV diastolic dysfunction, n (%) | 59 (76) | 103 (90) | 0.010 |
| Positive T wave in aVR, n (%) | 27 (35) | 58 (50) | 0.036 |
| Sokolow–Lyon index ≥ 35 mm, n (%) | 17 (22) | 58 (50) | <0.0001 |
HCM—hypertrophic cardiomyopathy; SCD—sudden cardiac death; NYHA—New York Heart Association; CAD—coronary artery disease; CMR—cardiac magnetic resonance; LGE—late gadolinium enhancement; LV—left ventricle; LVOTO—left ventricular outflow tract obstruction.