| sdAb | Single-domain antibody |
| hcAb | Heavy-chain antibody |
| VHH | Variable domain of the heavy chain antibody |
| VNAR | Variable domain of new antigen receptor |
| CDR | Complementarity determining region |
| HV2 | Hypervariable region 2 |
| HV4 | Hypervariable region 4 |
| scFv | Single-chain variable fragment |
| NGS | Next generation sequencing |
| N3 | The phage pool in Round 3 under normal condition |
| L3 | The phage pool in Round 3 under low-temperature condition |
| H3 | The phage pool in Round 3 under preheat condition |
| S3 | The phage pool in Round 3 under high salt concentration condition |
| U3 | The phage pool in Round 3 under high urea concentration condition |
| ITC | Isothermal titration calorimetry |
| DSC | Differential scanning calorimetry |
| SPR | Surface plasmon resonance |
| kon | Association rate constant |
| koff | Dissociation rate constant |
| Tm | Melting Temperature |
| ΔG | Gibbs free energy change |
| ΔH | Enthalpy change |
| ΔS | Entropy change |
| ΔCp | The change in heat capacity |